GWALIOR KE AASPAAS – By-Naeem Qureshi
Story : Through Figures
IN 1901 in one SQ.K.M. 76 people used to live in Gwalior. Now four times people are are dwelling as per figures of 1991 census 11.7 lac i.e.271 people in 1 sq.M. while the population of this place was 407826 .. years back whereas it is about 14.15 lac at present. The increase is 29% in every 10 years. Followers of hinduism have increased 29% and followers of sikhism have increased 55% in cities. Muslims are told to have increased 24.65%.
Followers of jainism are not lagging behind in increasing the population and they have increased by 25.5% and average overall increase in 29.12% Educated people of Gwalior are 59% of them 68% are male and 49% are female Ghatigaon Block development area is most backward where only 24% people are educated in this area S.C. and S.T people are more. SAMBHAV Sanstha is trying for their uplift.
About 2500 police people are deployed for the safety of 14 lakh citizens; thus on an average there is one constable for 640 people. With the increase of population police force has also increased 6-7 times But there is a question mark on their efficiency At some places the deployment is thick and at some places the deployment is thick and at some area other is none.
The roads of Gwalior are becoming narrower.
At present these roads are not good The town is
increasing out of proportion Out habit of polluting
through vehicles is demonstrating our elegance which
perhaps has resulted in increase in temperature to 48%
which used to be 37 degree-Celsius centuries back.
HISTORY OF GWALIOR
Progress of mankind had reached town life
prior to 6000 to 2500 B.C. which is proved through 7
places of Madhya Pradesh, these places are Ujjain,
Mandasaur, Maheshwar, Navdatoli, Jabalpur, and Sagar
etc.The effigies found link it with Hadappa culture.
In Gwalior area also there is evidence of such culture
of pre and post period of that era.
This area was beginning of 600 B.C who had
snatched it from Shishu-Nagas Pawaya village which is
near Dabara was the Capital of that era. paraviekh
(Script) found in Pawaya. reveals that at that time
the ruler of this place was Swamin Shivnadi in 3rd
Century this area was ruled by nagas.
It can be said on the basis of coins that Nag
rulers of Padmavati were BHIM, SAKAND VASU, GRAHSPATI
VIBHU, BHAVNAM, DEV, VAYAGHRA AND GANPATI Of them the
name of Ganpati figures in the script of pillar of
Sumadargupta at Allahabad. Padmavati's Nag Raja was
Bhar Shiv who originally hailed from Bundelkhand. one
fort of the script depicts that Miharkuls reign was
upto Gwalior where Matrachet built one sun temple
(Surya Mandir).
One stone carving reveals that amongst other
famous rulers Pritihar Bhoj had occupied area around
Gwalior fort from 836 to 882.
Mahmood Ghaznavi launched first attack on
Gwalior fort in 1021-1022 and after 4 days siege then
Rajput ruler gifted 35 elephants to him and signed
peace treaty in 1195-96 Mohd Gori attacked Lahang Dev
of Gwalior and after treaty, he entrusted the job of
annexing Gwalior to malik Bahaudin Tughlak who after
one and a half years fearful fight conquered Gwalior
fort. Later Kutbudin Abek. Commander-in-chief of
Mohd, Gori appointed lltutamish as Ameer of this fort.
From the year 1486 to 1526 Tomars ruled
Gwalior Man Singh was the main ruler of this dynasty.
He adorned the hilly fort with new buildings. He
devised many irrigation channels. Of them Motijheel is
prominent Vikramaditya was the last ruler of this
dynasty who was killed in 1526 in the battle of
Panipat.
Babar the Mugal when he became the ruler
Delhi visited Gwalior on 26th September, 1528.He has
beautifully described this place in his "BABARNAMA"
Akbar seized Gwalior and till mid 1754 Gwalior and its
fort was part of Mugal kingdom.
As per Aine Akbari there was an iron mine in
Gwalior and this town was a Taxal, from where copper
coins were produced issued. This area came in the
hands of Scindias and Holkar after the down fall of
mugal kingdom and till India’s independence this was
ruled by Scindia dynasty, Jiwaji Rao Scindia was the
last ruler.
COIN AGE OF GWALIOR.
According to Dr.H.B.Maheshwari the evidences
pertaining to the prevalence of coins as a from of
currency in the civilized society of Gwalior region are
discernible in coin minting by ruler of the Naga
dynasty The surrounding areas of the prosperous cities
like Kutwar (Kuntalpur) Pawaya(Padmawati) and Narwar.
located in this region coins minted by the rulers of
the Naga dynasty during 1st -2nd century A.D are
obtained in abundance.
We came to know for the first time of the
emergence of the city of Gwalior, in the records of
7th 8th century But the evidences regarding the
establishment of a mint at Gwalior Fort are deduced
From the Gwalior Mint, casting Pupees in Silver and
Paisa in copper On these coins the Name of the mint
was distinctly inscribed as "GWALIOR" Islam Shah Suri
not only kept on casting-coins in the Gwalior mint but
also glorified this city as the capital of India by
making it the capital of his empire.
Gwalior mint attained the level of national
importance when the Mugal Emperors. Akbar Jahangeer
and Shahjahan Managed the coinage of gild Mohars along
with the minting of Silver and copper coins among the
last Mugal rulers. Aurangzeb, Mohammed Shah and Shah
Alam kept on minting gold and silver coins in this
mint till 1761.
After the second battle of Panipat Mahadji
Shinde Symbolizing a new epoch with the advent of
Marathas. continued to mint gold, silver and copper
Coins, which bore his dispicious symbol i.e. the sword
and the flower as mint mark of Gwalior.
Daulat Rao, the next Ruler of the Shinde
Dynasty, shifting his capital from Ujjain to Gwalior
founded a new city which in course of time.Came to be
known as Lashkar. He with a view to meet the
requriements of his vast empire. Set up another mint
at'Danaoli' in the new city of Gwalior.
During the reign of Daulat Rao and that of the
rulers posterior to him - Rani Baija Bai, Janko Rao
and jiyaji Rao coins would be minted in more than 10
mints for use in Gwalior state it is important to note
here that gold coins would be minted only in the mint
of the Gwalior Fourt the other mints i.e those of
Ujjain, narwar Sheopur, Shadausa, Bairagarh, ishagarh
Chanderi and videsha, as the evidences show, were
employed only for the minting of coins of silver and
copper: Where as at Jawad and Rajoud, evidences
concerning the coinage only of copper coins have been
obtained so for.
After 1925 Gwalior state started to mint coins
worth a pie, Half paisa and Two paisa respectively.
in order to fulfil further requirements, coins
authorised issued by British India would be used.
Coins of Gwalior state were wNdly in use with in its
territories till 1950.
SUFI SANT MOHD.GHOS
Hazart MOhd.Ghos is at the highest peak
amongst Sufis in connection with Salaris of Middle era
of India. In his time he was being addressed as Ghos
Mohd Ghos is author of many books of which." GULZARE
ABRAR" is very famous.This great Darvesh was bom on
6th Rajab Friday 907 hijri at Ghazipur. U.P As per
intzan Ullah Sahab he is said to have born in 890
Hijri.
"Mankbe Ghosia" much talked about Granth of
16th Century written by Fazal Ali Satari has ascribed
that the full Name Of Ghos Sahib was Hamid-ud-din
Mohd.Ghos. Writer Fazal Ali, a contemporary of akbar
in his book " KULYATE GWALIOR " WHICH is recognised as
an old historic book on Gwalior, has written that
except Gousal Box who was the last Ghos there had been
no Ghos. came into being after him.it is crystal
clear that Ghos is not the name but a tile, Bahrul
Hayat. jawahar-e-Khamsa. Kabide Makhajan, Kanjul
Vahida, etc.
As per Dr.Harihar Nivas Dwivedi Mohad Ghos
visited Gwalior in 1523. After 4 years of his
arrival. Afghan sardar Rahim Dad Sahib became the
ruler of Gwalior. Being influenced by Ghos Sshib
Mughal emperor Babar paid tributes of HAZRI & AKIDAT
in honour of Ghos Sahib. This histroic fact has been
established by almost all the historians.Mohad ghos
was blessed with 3 sons and 2 daughters. His eidest
son was sheikh Abdulah whose tomp is situated near his
own tomp of meerHadi sharif are situated in the tomp
of Ghos sahib, bibi Zahida and Bibi Malha were his
daughters.
As per Barbare Akber, when Army general of
Babar reached Gwalior with his forces, then Subedar of
Gwalior tatar khan. refused to surrender Gwalior fort
to him But Daulat Rao the next ruler of the shinde
dynasty shifting his capital from Uijain to Gwalior,
founded a new city which in course of time, came to be
known as lashkar.He with a view to meet the
requrementts of his vast empire. set up another mint
at'danaoli' in the new city of Gwalior.
Ghos Sahib, who used to offer prayer in
Gwalior Fourt without any blood-shed or battle could
persuade to hand over Gwalior fort to soidiers of
Baber himself in his "BABARNAMA" has mentioned this
occurrence in detail. This is said to be 933 Hijri
28th November.
Amongst Sattari sufi saints Ghos Sahib was
such a saint whom emperors bowed their heads Humayun
and Akbar be came his discipales. Famous poet Khadak
Rai who was Bhat of Tomars has mentioned in his
writngs that Akbar was very much devoted to Ghos Sahib
and was so much influenced by Ghos sahib that on his
advice Baber handed over reigns of India to Humayun.
This fact can be read in book MADHUMALTI written by
Mata Prased Gupta.
Afghan king sher-shan was annoyed with Ghos
Sahib because of his blessings to Babur and Humanun
and for this reason he had once sent an army to
Gwalior to kill GHos Sahib. Once Ghos Sahib was
compelled to kill 12000 soldiers of sher-shah Ghos
sahib was pained at this incident Humayun had written
a letter of apology to Ghos sahib for being harassed
by sher-shah. This narrated at page 292 of
"GULZAR-BABAR" Mohd Ghos was KAMIL of Mangal Stare,
this pride could not be achieved by any other saint.
Many historians have described- Akbar as
disciple of Mohd Ghos Akbar, when he was not throned
as Emperor, had come to Gwalior to meet Ghos Sahib in
966 Hijri After becoming emperor, he participated in
MAHFILS of Ghos sahib and received his blessings The
beautiful tomb of ghos sahib is an example of worid
fame archaeological monument which was constructed in
38 years. This was constructed during the reign of
Akbar by eldest son of Ghos Sahib under the
supervision of Emperor of Emperor at the Government
expense.
GANGA DAS KI SHALA
Ganaga Das Ki Shala is one of the various
construction in Gwalior Know For National Unity Sant
Rameshwar Dayal Das of utila is Mahant of this place.
As per his version when Emperor Akbar passed From
GWALIOR in 16th Century. He met Gusai Shri Parmanand
Swami.Akbar himself Came here and got Constructed a
temple in 21.5 Bighas of land and 12 villages were
attached to it as Jagir On this occasion.Emperror
Akbar presented turban and sword to Mahant Ji as token
of respeect.
In 1824 Mahant Ganga Das JI Was born in 9th
generation of parmanand Ji in whose name is this
temple and Shala On 18th June.1858 Rani Laxmi Bai who
was seriously injured while fighting against
Britishers and was surrounded by them.had requested
that she should be given refuge as she would succumb
to fatal injuries All this has historic background.
Maharaj Gangadas promised to protect her.She
requested that her dead body should not be handed over
to Britishers.Maharaj gave her sacred Ganaga jal and
after consuming that she succumbed to her injuries.450
Sadhus used to live there at that time Maharaj Ganaga
das performed her last rites with the help of Sadhus.
Thakur Raghunath Singh Kaptan.Krishan Ji Rao Bua, and
one Pathan opted to live by the SANADHI of LAXMI BAI
till their last.
British soldiers besieged Ganaga Das Ki Shala
and in the battle 345 sadhus laid down their lives.
While fighting with britishers Maharaj slipped towards
banks of the Ganges. MAharah Jivaji Rao himself went
to Maharaj Ganga Das Who expressed his annoyance to
Scindia But after a span Maharaj Ganga Das Came back.
HAZARAT MEER BADSHAH
Dargah of Hazrat Meer Badshah is situated at
Maharaj bada in front of Municipal corporation main
office in the heart of Gwalior city. He came to
Gwalior 150 years ago. He treated people of all
religions and castes alike. His Urs is
celebrated/every year with great pomp & Show cherished
desires of visitors to his Durgah seem to have been
fulfilled. He was an elderly man of his time of
Gwalior town.
HAZRAT MANSOOR SHAH
Hazrat Mansoor Shah Sahib was the religious
Guru of scindia dynasty. He belonged to Beed Z(Dist
Aurangabad). Maratha Saedar Nagadji scindia was badly
wounded in battle with Ahmed shah Abdali at panipat
and after his defeat he was not traceable. scindia's
wife who was native of Beed met Hazrat Mansoor Shah
Sufi the Great sant of that time and prayed for the
search of her missing husband. He Could be traced by
the blessings of Mansoor shah sahib.
After this Scindia used to keep visiting
Mansoor Shah sahib and by his blessings Marathas Under
leadership of scindia met success in northern India.
Scindia invited Mansoor Shah Sahib to Gwalior but
being 85 years old. he could not accept the
invitation of Maharaja scindia.
But his son HABIB SHAH came to Gwalior who was
bestowed with jagir by Scindia. Even today personnel
effects Utensils, Choga, Khadao etc. have been
perserved safely in Gorkhi near Bada urs of Man soor
shah sahib is celebrated every year with great pomp
and show by scindia royal family. At present
MOHD.KHUSRO is the 8th pedigree of Mansoor Shah Sahib
who is residing at campoo road of Gwalior city.
RELIGIOUS GOODWILL OF GWALIOR
Late Maharaj Madhorao Scindia Ex-ruler of
Gwalior State opted secular religious policy and
respected all religions alike. On becoming ruler on
15-12-1894 and after attaining administrative powers,
he started developing Gwalior. in that period many
industries and business were started. Jivaji Cotton
Mills was established in those days. MAJLIS-A_AAM and
MAJLIS-A-KANOON were established where in democratic
benefits could be availed by people at large. Scindia
kept on touring India and abroad and kept on
attempting for the development and benefit of Gwalior
state. During his regime for the first time
electricity came into being in 1905 for which he spent
Rs. 3 lac at that time. With the advent of
electricity this area begin to change in miraculous
way.
In 19th century people of this area were
infused with spirit of citizenship. In 1907-08
circles were created which included certain Mohallas
where in a representative was elected who in turn
recommended facilities in the public interest. By
this there was sufficient increase in the public
facilities. In Gwalior the feeling of relegious unity
is quite old. In 16th century Raja Man Singh of Tomar
dynasty proved his ideals by marrying Gujri Rani
"Mrignayni" who belonged to a backward caste.
Ex-ruler of Gwalior decided to nominate 7 Muslims to
Praja Sabha and 2 to Rajya Sabha. 30% of Government
jobs were given to them. In the regime of Maharaja
Jiwaji Rao Scindia Muslims were given high posts;
Commander-in-chief and important ministers were
muslims. Efforts were made to maintain Hindu-Muslim
unity in these days. Famous Bal Krishna Sharma
"NAVIN" said in 1939-40 that British Government was
bent upon spreading religious riots by initiating
poisonous versions.
We both Hindu and Muslims have alike
suffering. Our enemy is common i.e. British Govt.
and their anti-religious policy. In Gwalior State
Sultan of After married a Hindu lady and thus
presented example of Hindu muslim unity. In Gwalior
Division, Pitambara Peeth in Datia city is an
important Hindu religious place. Ex- ruler of Datia
tried to carve a Muslim world fame wrestler Gama
Pahalwan who is cited today with great pride.
Historic Gwalior fort is a living example
which signifies people of various religious faiths.
There exist old Jain temple, historic Teli ka Mandir
and many a tombs and graveyards of well known Muslim
Sants and Fakirs. There exists a beautiful Gurudwara
of northern India. There are 57 feet high idol of God
Adinath and hundred beautiful idols after carving the
walls of the fort. There are 3 main tombs of great
Sufi Sants Hazrat Mohd.Ghos Sahib, Khwaja Kanoon Sahib
and Baba Kapur Sahib in Gwalior city which are
respected by citizens of all sects and religions. The
tomb of great Sufi Sant Hazrat Mohd. Ghos Sahib of
16th Century is not only known for the needy, but at
the same time is being visited by people as tourist
spot.
Late Maharaja Madhorao Scindia in 1920 had got
constructed Moti Masjid Gopal Mandir, Gurudwara.
Theosophical lodge and church in phool Bagh Campus and
thus he provided same status and respect to all
religions. since times of scindia all celebrate
together utsav of Ganesh, Tajyai of Moharam, Holi ID
and diwali for the last 5 centuries Hindu-muslim Unity
was founded. Spirt of brother-hood was fortified
during past 75 years. by the efforts of late scindia
this area is known as centre of Shanti-Sadbhavna
(peace and good will) in the whole of the country
where every citizen is first a human being then he is
hindu, Muslim, sikh or a christian.
GLORY OF MUSIC
Abdul Fazal's 'AINE AKBARI' contains detailed
discussions that in the Darbar of akber out of 36
highest ranking singers 15 artists were of Gwalior
parmpara of them one tansen SANGEET SAMRAT of behat
nearby Gwalior hardly needs any introduction.
similarly in reign of Aurangzeb. mugal Emperor
Gwalior was undoubtedly centre of highest cultural
centre because FAFIRULLAH KHAN GOVERNOR OF KASHMIR IN
HIS Rag darpan a sangeet Granth has ascrided Gwalior
as"SHIRAZ" of India.
In 15th century Raja Man singh of Tomar
dynasty of Gwalior has been attributed giviing
popularity to music in Gwalior. He invented Dhrupad
style and established Vidyapeeth first of all in
Gwalior and by establishing many creation of Dhrupads
extended his great contribution to which has no
parallel.
In another study in the first chapter of
"FRISHTA- KA ITHAS" there is an interesting mention of
development and progress of music. in this it is
mentioned that Malchand. Whose poetry is famous in
Malwa, brought music from south to Gwalior Here in it
is mentioned that music was propagated by him in
India.
Malchand remained in Gwalior for quite
sometime and dynasty of Talingi in Gwalior music
tradition is quite old and is for many centuries Tomar
dynasty gave their helping hand in the develpment of
music : this has historic background in.
Tabat-e-Akbari written by khwaja Nazimudin
Ahmed in wich there is mention of exchange of music
books of Doongar Singh Tomar and Jain-ul Abedin of
Kashmir.
Raja Man Singh was a great adjudge of art of
music Rani Mrignaini was helpful to Raja Mansingh in
his music recitals; Mrignaini has become ever lasting
in music grafted in the name of Gujri, Bhahul Gujri,
Maal Gujri and Mangal Gujri.
Raja Man Singh has credit for writing
"MANKUTUHAL" a music book which was later translated
by Fakirulla. Its pandulipi is available in Raja
Library Rampur (U.P). This book contains the version
of assemblance of Sangeet Samelan by Raja Man singh.
This fact is corroborated by Abul Fajal. Bakhshu,
Charju, Karan and Bhanu were the four artists of
Mansingh. They had assembled such songs which were
liked by all sections of society.
Especiality of Gwalior Gharana lies in its
various Raagas viz, Dhrupud, Dhamar, Khyal, Tappa,
Thumri, Dadra, Leda, Tarana, Triput and Tarang.
Speciality of Man Singh's music was that he accepted
the popular music of Northern India grafted it into
high class music.
Abdul Fajal in "Aine Akbara " has written
about poet Laurate Tansen that singer of his calibre
was not there for thousands of years ago. Tansen was
the first person, who in his Malhar had combined Komal
Gandhar and Nishad; apart from this he was author of
"MIAN KI TODI".
K....tells us that after listening the music
of Tansen, not only trees and hills started moving;
even candls used to get lighted by his song is
asserted by old musicians of Gwalior area. About him
it is popularly famous " VIDHANA YES JIYA JANE KE
SESHAM DIYAI NA KAN, DHARA MERU SUB DOLI HAI TANSEN KI
TAAN."
TANSEN
Gwalior ranks very high in history of music of
our country During 1486 to 1518 in the regime of Raja
Man singh Tomar, efforts for development of Dhrupad
Gayan... .....had started. Credit of birth of drupad
.....goes to Gwalior in this universe. Raja Man Singh
Tomar himself was a good musician. He did a lot for
advancement and its publicity. No Govt. or musician
could be free of this debt.
There were many famous singers in the Darbar
of Man Singh Tomar. Of them Baiju, Bakhshu, Charnu
Bhagwan, Ghodu and Ram Das. Man Singh wrote
MANKOTUHUL of which in 1673 in reign of Jahangir. its
version in the name of "SANGEET DARPAN" was done by
fakirullah.
The language of Dhrupad is that of Madhya
Pradesh and Bundelkhand. This is the language.. .
of nearby Gwalior Famous writer Rahul Sanskrityayan
writes that it is imperative to know that Gwalior has
been seat of literature, music and art for centuries
Popularly Known as Brijbhasha was previously of
Gwalior During reign of Akbar his Darbari & main
singer Tansen earned name and fame in the entire
universe Gwalior gets the credit for the birth place
of this renowned singer. His tomb in Gwalior at
Hajira is a sacred spot for thousands of tourists and
singers.
Poet laureate Tansen was source of inspiration
to Emperor Akbar even during war time. Tansen has
also written for invincible army of the emperor.
Apart from being a singer, he was also a poet and
writer.
As per Tansen - "Ae Ayo, Ayo Ke Balwant ke
Shah, Ayo chatrapati Akbar Saptadeep aur Asht Disa Nar
Narender, Dhar Dhar Dare Nisi din kar aik chavipave.
Varan na pava langa nagar Jahan Jitat firat sunyat hai
Jalaludin Mohd ko Laskar Sah Humayan ko Nandan.
Chandan aik teg Jodha Akbar "Tansen" ko hihal kijal
Deeje kotin jarjari nazar Kamara.
During his long 50 years reign Akbar fought
many wars. He used to take along Tansen in many wars.
Gujrat was the biggest victory of Emperor Akbar's
period.This war was fought in 1957. At this occasion
Tansen had accompanied the Emperor and had paid homage
at the Tomp of his teacher Bakshu. Tansen was quite
courageous. Many a time he used to utter as equal to
him before Emperor Akbar. In one of his stanzas he
has written- " if Akber is Narpatti then Tansen is
Taanpati" Before Akbar once Tansen had sung many
stanzas in praise of Raja Ram Chandar.
As per famous book "AINE AKBARI" in the Darbar
of Akbar of very famous 36 musicians 16 were from
Gwalior alone. Tansen was the prime of them all.
Mian Tansen........... Gwalior
Baba Ram Das -do-
Subhan Khan -do-
Shri Gyan Kha -do-
Main Chand -do-
Vichitra Khan
Student of Tansen -do-
Mohd Khan -do-
Veer Mandal Khan -do-
Baj Bahadur, MalwaRuler -do-
Shihab Khan Gwalior Veena Vadak
Daud Dhodi Singer
Sarod Khan Gwalior Singer
Chonch Khan -do-
Parveen Khan Gwalior veena vadak
Surdas s/o Baba Ram Das Singer
Rang Sen Agra Singer
Shekh Davan Vadya Vadak
Rehmat Ullah Singer
Meer Sayaed Ali Mashhad Tambura Vadak
Ustaad Usof Hirat Sultan -do-
Hafiz Hussain -do-
Mashad Barham Ali Hirasat Singer
Sultan Hashim Mashhad Tambura Vadak
Ustad Mohd.Amin Tambura Vadak
Hafiz Khwaja, Ali Mashhoor Singer
Mir Abdullah Vadak
Peer Khurasan -do-
Nephew of Dawam Singer
Mohad hussen Tambura Vadak
Out of them 15 singers were student of school
of Sangeet (Music) of Raja Man Singh. Man Singh had
established first school of Music at Gwalior fort.
Two Centuries after Tansen, Name of Gwalior
was made famous by musicians Ustad Bade Mohd. Khan,
Ustad Haddu Hassu Khan (Khayal Gayak), Baba Dixit,
Bhau Sahib Guruji, Parbat Singh, Krishan Rao and Ustad
Hafiz Ali Khan by their recitals.
USTAAD HAFIZ ALI KHAN SAHIB
Most famous Sarod Vadak, Ustad Hafiz Ali Khan
Sahib was amongst one of the top artists of the
country. He was born in Gwalior in 1888. He got his
education of Sarod vadan from his father Shri Nanne
Khan. He got education of Hori, Dhrupad Pt. Ganeshi
Lal Maharaj, 11th pedigree of Swami Maharaj Haridas
Thakur r/o Mathura and Chukka ju and education of
Sursingar was accorded by Akbar's Navaratan Mishri
Singh Binkar's and Ustad vazeer Khan, ustad of nawab
Rampur.
Sarodvad was brought into being by his
ancestors. RABAB is music instrument of Kabul, which
people used to play at the time of war. Over this
Rode (TAANT) strings were fixed. In persian this
"RABAB" is known as "SAROD". Present Sarod is
modified form of RABAB. Ghulam Bandgar Khan of Kabul
used to visit India for trade of Horses. Once he left
the trade and became Rasaledar in the army of Rewa
Maharaj. His son Ghulam Ali Khan was having one small
Rabab. He used to play it very nicely. On being
pleased Rewa Mahara gave education of Hori, Dhrupad
etc. for 19 years to Gulam Ali Khan and made him
perfect and said that I have made your Sarod as Been.
Now you can roam throughout India.
Ghulam Ali Khan after living in Banda,
Farkhabad and Lucknow for some time, he joined service
of Darbar of Maharaja Daulat Rao Scindia for Rs.
500/-p. m. Ghulam Ali Khan had 4 Sons. Of them 1st
Jamma Khan went to Kabul. Hussain Khan was sitar
player of Gwalior Maharaja. Third son Surad Khan made
important changes in Sarod. It is he who used steel
sheet on Sarod. Fourth Son Nanne Khan was in service
of Maharaj Gwalior. Nanne Khan used to practise Sarod
for a very long time and in practice 3 tabla players
men were changed but he used to carry on his practice.
He did not sleep for twenty two years Balwant Rao
Khani, Masoorkar doctor, Balwant Rao puranik, Ram Bhau
r/o Pune were his disciples. Nanne Khan Sahib had 3
sons; his 3rd son Hafiz Ali Khan Sahib stretched
music tradition to its highest glory. Being
influenced by his ability late Maharaja Madho Rao
Scindia placed him in the highest seat in his Darbar
that tradition was also followed by Maharaja Jiwaji
Rao as well in year 1950 after being relieved from
there he was appointed in Madhav Sangeet
Mahavidhyalay. Padam Bhushan Ustad Amjad Ali Khan is
the Youngest son of Hafiz Ali Khan Sahib who has
glorified his name in the entire world. Ustad Hafiz
ali khan sahib who has brought the name of Gwalior on
the map of the World, on being influenced by his art
he was honoured as AAFTAB-E-SAROD in the music
conference of Bengal and Maharaja of Gwalior
attributed him the title of "SANGEET RATANLANKAR".
After thr establishment of SANGEET NATAK
ACADEMY in the very 1st year he was honoured by the
highest award by Dr. Radha Krishnan, honourable
president of India. He was also appointed as an
Important member in Academy. In 1960 he was honoured
with Padam Bhushan. In the decade of sixties Jhankar
recital of Hafiz directions. He became very pupular
with Shri Parbat Singh Mridangacharya. In the name of
Hafiz Alio Khan Sahib a trust was formed 6 years
before for the development of music and its training
in Gwalior and Delhi at the instance of Ustad Amjad
Ali Khan Sahib. The head quarter has been based in
Jiwaji Ganj, Lashkar. With the help of this trust the
young artists /interested in music are being
sufficiently benefitted. Many well known
personalities are members of this trust.
DR. KRISHNA RAO SHANKAR PANDIT
Dr. Krishna Rao Shankar Pandit,
representative of Gwalior gharana and ex-great DARBARI
of Gwalior state was born in Gwalior in 1894. His
father Shri Shankar Rao Pandit was student of Ustad
Haddu Khan and Nathu Khan Sahib. He got education of
music from his father and teacher and gained
popularity in Young age. Because of his hard practice
Pandit ji was enlisted as one of the important KHYAL
SINGERS.
Government of India honoured him with Padam
Bhushan, there by acknowledged importance of KHYAL
GAYAKI and Gwalior Gharana. The music which was
started by Ustad Hassu Hadu Khan Sahib was further
continued by Padit Ji. Being a singer Pt. ji
performed a big and important job by laying foundation
of SANGEET GANDHARV MAHAVIDYALAYA in 1914 which is now
at the top and a famous and flourishing music
university and is producing good artists to the
society; this is being run by his youngest son Pandit
Laxman Rao ji. In 1947 Maharaja of Gwalior honoured
him by appointing him in MADHAV MUSIC UNIVERSITY. He
established the propriety of music of GWALIOR GHARANA
by undertaking sangeet tours with in the country and
abroad; which is his great gift.
Last year Government of M. P. in his honour
performed a big ceremonial function which remained in
force for 1st year in the entire country. Centenary
year has also been celebrated in the honour of Pandit
Ji. Of his son Prof. Narain Rao pandit and Pandit
Laxman Rao Pandit are good musicians. Pandit ji has
also written books on TABLA, JAL TARANG, SITAR, etc.
Of his students Vishnupant Chaudhary, Ram Chander Rao,
Madho Rao Joshi and Datatre Jogelkar are the main.
USTAD AMJAD ALI KHAN
Ustad Amjad Ali Khan is the youngest son of
Ustad Hafiz Ali Khan. He was born on 9th October,
1945 in his old Parental house situated in Jiwaji
Ganj, Gwalior. Amjad Sahib enjoyed blessings and
affections of his father and Teacher, Hafiz Ali Khan
Sahib. At the age of 7-8 years he had started playing
sarod. Much of his father's music style can be heard
in his Sarod Vadan.
Today Amjad Ali Khan fame has spread in the
entire world. In 1992 he was awarded PADAM BHUSHAN by
Hon'ble President of India. He had been playing sarod
since the age of 10 years in presence of Dr. Rajendra
Prasad, the President of India, and forced the
audience laud his recital in 1956. Since then he had
started travelling in the country and abroad and by
his exhaustive music performances he has made Sarod
popular in the entire world. Ancestors of Amjad Sahib
had migrated from Afganistan to Gwalior state. Sarod
came into being on their account at the age of 15
years. Amjad Sahib had become popular in the whole of
the country. Prayag Sangeet Samiti honoured him with
title of SAROD SAMRAT and Government of India in 1975
awarded him with PADAM SHRI. He is such a Sarod Vadak
of India that BBC made a film on him 20 years back.
In 1989 Film Division of Govt. of India also
made an hour's documentary film on Amjad Ali Khan
Sahib and Rrelayed it on Television national Network.
Amjad Ali Khan Sahib born in Gwalior is such an artist
who has highlighted the name of city in the entire
universe and even today he is active and at his
instance Jiwaji university has initiated an Academy on
'TANSEN' revence. Every pedigree of the city owes
respect to this great artist of music.
GWALIOR FORT
Gwalior fort is one of the beautiful and
famous forts of India. Writer Taj-Ul-Maseer writes
about this fort. "Fast Wind cannot touch its climax
and fast clouds cannot cast their shadow in its
PARKOTAS. On its Vakshsthal there are written stories
of life/death, Sanyog-Viyog, bravery and cowardice.
This is situated 110 Km. south of Agra. This stony
hillock where this stands is made of peculiar strong
stone. This fort is more than 300 ft. high. This is
3 K. M. long from North to South and, 600 to 3000 ft
broad from east to west.
On the eastern side of the historic fort Raja
Man Singh got constructed a beautiful palace. Outside
the palace there are 6 beautiful high gates. Almost
all have praised its architect 6 places have been
built on this fort and Gujri Mahal is one of the spots
worth seeing. There are two routes to climb up this
fort. First Gwalior gate is in the east and second in
the west is Urvai gate. Apart from them there were 3
more gates which led inside of them Thotha por and
Radha Gargaj gates and third is in the south which
have been closed now.
5 gates have to be crossed to reach the fort
from the eastern side. First gate is ALAMGIR DARWAZA
which is now commonly known as Gwalior Gate. Second
is BADALGARH or HINDOLA gate, Third is Ganesh Dwar,
fourth is LAXMAN Dwar and 5th is Hathiapore. Alamgir
Darwaza was got constructed in 1660 by Motimid Khan
Governor of this fort in the regime of Aurangzeb.
Badalgarh gate is a beautiful example of stone craft
which was constructed in 15th Century which is known
in the name of Badal Singh brother of Raja Kalyan Mal
Tomar.
BUILDINGS AT THE FORT
About half a dozen palaces exist on this
historic fort of them some were constructed by Raja
Man Singh and some by Muslim rulers. Manmandir which
exhibits good craftmanship was got constructed by Raja
Mansingh in 1516. The eastern front portion is
300feet long and 80 feet wide. Over this building are
six big tombs. This is an example of great craftsman
ship of stone carving. Southern portion of Man Mandir
is 150feet long and 50-60 feet high; over this 3
BURJIYAN though over 500 years old still shine. Idols
of Animals-Birds, Trees and Human beings are made in
the alls of the building which add to its beauty.
GUJRI MAHAL
The second palace is Gujri Mahal. Raja
Mansingh got it constructed for his wife MRIGNAYANI
whom he loved very much. This palace too was
constructed when Man Mandir was constructed i. e.
around 1515-17. On all the four sides rooms are
constructed in Gujri Mahal. There is no such room
which does not exhibit example of high art. In this
palace water was brought by earthen pipe for Rani
"MRIGNAYANI". Other 2 palaces are Karan Mahal and
second Vikram Mahal. On seeing them common man is led
to appreciate SANSKRAT VABHAV of this area.
There are two more palaces Jahangir Mahal and
Shah Jahan Mahal. There were many a mandir. Of them
a few are still safe and are examples of beautiful
craftmanship. Of them SAS BAHU KA MANDIR, TELE KA
MANDIR, JAIN IDOLS and Chaturbhuj Mandir are worth
seeing. In this great fort there are many a tank
which have been carved from the stones. Of them Johar
Talab, Apart from this in this historic big fort of
Gwalior there are many a BETHAK and building of
European style where there is Scindia School now a
days.
TOURIST SPOTS
JAIN IDOLS
Jain Idols have been carved in the stone walls
of the fort. Of them some idols from their carving
reveal that they came into being from the year 1440 to
1472. Of them many are religious idols some are in
standing and some are in sitting posture.
GHOS SAHIB's TOMB
On the east of the town at Hajira, there is
the tomb of GOS SAHIB. This is an example of infancy
art of Mughal art. It is square in construction and
on all the four sides there are Burj; on their ends
are small Gumbad. On all the four sides there are
thick and fine JALEES and on the top of the building
there is a big Gumbad which was once decorates with
Shining blue stones. Badayun in his book
MUNTKHABUL-TAWAREEKH has written about Gos Sahib that
he was a great sant and also Guru of Mughal Emperor
Akbar and Tansen.
TOMB OF TANSEN
Near the Tomb of Mohd. Gos there is the tomb
of famous singer TANSEN. On the roof of the building
there is encarved Gumbad which has carving in it.
Every year "Tansen Samaroh" is held here. This tomb
is very simple but there is handicraft work of
beautiful jalis.
SAMADHI OF RANI LAXMI BAI
In the first Independence movement Virangana
Laxmi Bai who shaked the British Empire, her Samadhi
is in the campus of Phool Bagh. eight metalled / tall
statue of Rani Laxmi Bai is situated here which is a
source of inspiration to our youth. This SAMADHI
reminds us of the martyors of freedom. In the honor
and memory of the Rani every year a Fair is held here
on 18th of June.
PHOOL BAGH
At a short distance from Railway Station there
exists Garden in Phool Bagh. In the Phool Bagh campus
there exist Residential palace, Museum, and other
buildings. This Garden was constructed by late Madho
Rao Scindia. In 1922 Princess of Wales inaugurated it
on his arrival at Gwalior. The only zoo of Gwalior
city is situated in this campus. One temple, one
Mosque, one Gurudwara, Theosophical Lodge and prayer
place of Both religion exist here. Constructions were
done by the then government as an example of religious
equality.
JAIVILAS PALACE
JAIVILAS PALACE was constructed for the
residence of Maharaja Scindia at the cost of about Rs.
19 lac during 1861 to 1874. This is made in a big
garden decorated by shady trees and beautiful roads.
On all the four sides there are lakes and lawns and
flower beds which make the sight very attractive. The
area of the Palace is 12, 04, 771 square feet.
Michael Filoz was its designer and constructor who
intelligently prepared its design on the basis of
PILAZEZ of Italy.
MOTI MAHAL
Moti Mahal is one of the worth seeing palaces
which was once Secretariat of Madhya Bharat Govt. At
present there are many offices of the present Govt.
colored glass work has been done very beautifully in
some of its rooms and there are many wall paintings
which exhibit Hindu Purans, RAG RAGNYON, Maharaja's
sittings as Darbar and various rally etc. of Maharaja
Jiwaji Rao.
MUSEUM
Of the main museums of this place are
Municipal Corporation Museum, Maharaja Jiwaji Rao
Scindia Museum, and Gujri Mahal Museum situated on the
ground floor of the fort are the chief ones. Museum
of Nagar Nigam was got constructed by EX Maharaj
Madhorao Scindia in 1902. This Museum contains Pashan
Pratimayen, china clay, glass ivory, instruments of
warfare, old coins, animals, birds, artistic pictures,
samples of prastar shilp handicraft and apart from the
there are AVSHESH of India's first Independence
Movement. PURVA SAMACHAR KAKHSH VATHIKA, and PRASTAR
KOSHAL VITHIKA, etc. are assembled in this museum.
The Maharaja Jiwaji Rao musium was established in 1964
in one of the wing of Jaivilas Palace. PASHAN
PRATIMAYAI, Metal Idols, coins, LAGHO CHITRAS, art of
ivory, cut glass work are displayed in this Museum.
The Most talked things are big FANOOS JHAAD, Napoleon
table, SILVER TRAIN and Persian carpets.
N.C.C. WOMEN TRAINING SCHOOL
NCC Women officer training school is one
training sansthan of its kind in India which exists in
Gwalior as a place of martyrdom of Rani Jhansi. Women
from various states of India and islands come here for
training of N. C. C. Its establishment is a pride
of India. Its establishment took place in 1964 in
historic building Ex Grand HOTEL. Till now Ten
Thousand trainees have passed out in different various
courses. There has been important contribution of
State Government. In its establishment in Gwalior.
The commanding Officer of this establishment is a
Brigadier and there are LT. COL., Major and four
other Women Officers.
LAXMIBAI PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEEMED UNIVERSITY
The fame of this establishment in Gwalior is
as far and wide as that of sports establishment of
Patiala. This establishment imparts physical training
to men and women not only of India but also to the
foreingners. For continuous training facilities this
establishment is progressing continuously. Apart form
the routine training National or International sports
in this university accord a special status. Such
institution impart importance to Gwalior.
SAS-BAHU KA MANDIR
This temple is 32 meters long and 22 meters
wide. There is Vishal Vedi caltar in the centre of
this temple. In the 3 directions there are Mandaps
and Devalayai is in 4th direction. There is hardly a
place where the work of carving does not exist. At
the gate of the temple idols of Brahma, Vishnu,
Mahesh, etc. have been displayed in the stones.
Mandir of SAS-BAHU is small in size and is
beautiful are example of Mid India VASTUKALA. There
is Vishnu Mandir. The front portion of stone is
protruded in the front from where the sight seeing of
three sides is possible.
GURUDWARA DATA BANDI CHOD
In the memory of Sixth Guru of Sikhs Sant Har
Govind Singh ji Bhavya Gurdwara has been constructed
at Gwalior fort. When Jahangir was throned at Delhi
in 1605, Shahzada Khusro had revolted against
Jahangir. In Taran Taran Khusro sought blessings from
the 5th Guru of Sikhs Guru Arjun Dev Ji.
Data Bandi chod Gurdwara has been fully
constructed of marble. This is a grand and huge
Gurdwara. colored Glasses decorate the main building.
The kalashs at the gumbads are made of gold. There
are also 2 tanks in it. Recital of Guru Granth Sahub
makes the surroundings atmosphere peaceful and sacred.
Peace is here. On Amavasya there are 4 special
prayers, religious songs and keertan; in which many a
follower participate. This occasion is transformed
into afair. Food is always distributed here in form
of Langer. Baba Uttam singh and Baba Amar Singh
started its construction in 1970 with great zeal and
enthusiasm. Tourists visiting Gwalior visit this
Gurdwara positively.
On 30th July 1993 Sant Bawa Amar singh Ji
passed away for heavenly abode while serving the
humanity. Such Sants have rarely been observed by me
on this planet. Bawa Amar singh ji had served the
humanity in the past 2 decades and was popular in all
classes of Society.
THE SCINDIA SCHOOL FORT
Scindia School was established at the historic
fort. Indias famous public School was established by
Late Madho Rao Scindia in 1879 in the name of "SARDAR
SCHOOL" in the nature's lap. This is now known as
SCINDIA SCHOOL in place of SARDAR-SCHOOL.
At present students from various states and
foreigners are being educated. The school is
Continuously progressing and now this is one of the
special schools of India.
TELE KA MANDIR
This temple was constructed by pratihar Rajas.
This is known as Teli Ka Mandir. Of the various old
historic worth seeing temples of Gwalior, Teli ka
Mandir ranks highest. This is said to have been
constructed in 9th century. This temple is
constructed in southern Indian style and is the
combination of Dravian and Aryan style. The real name
of this temple has been Telang Mandir. Its height is
about 100 feet. The main gate of Teli Ka Mandir was
brought in 1881 from else where and fixed here.
MATA MANDIR
In the east of Suraj Kund there is Mata Devi
Ka Mandir at the Gwalior Fort. From the point of view
of construction, it seems to be of 12th Century. This
Satapathya art is alike Sas Bahu ka Mandir which is
very attractive. Here many people come to see it.
SURAJKUND
A square Kund constructed at the fort is known
as Suraj Kund. It was constructed in 6th Century. It
is said that Ashram of Galib Rishi was here. The
Founder of Gwalior Durg (fort) Suraj Sen got this
temple constructed.
URVAI GHATI
In 1527 when Babar came to Gwalior Durg he was
very keen to see the beauty of Urvai Ghati, he was
full of joy. In his Baburnama he has mentioned "This
unique Ghati which is situate in the west of Durg.
There are two big tanks in between this. On all the
four sides of these tanks which are within ADVA, here
20-25 wells have been dug made from where water for
irrigation is taken. They have planted quite a few
trees and plants of flowers. This is a beautiful
place. "
DARGAH KHWAJA KANOON SAHIB
Khwaja kanoon Sahib Nagauri was resident of
Marwad. He came to Gwalior in 1481. Later he started
living here. His full name as carved on his tomb was
Saiyed Saiyeeduddin Kanoon Rehmat Ullah Aleh
chishtiya. But he was popular here with name as
Khwaja kanoon. Hazrat Khwaja kanoon Sahib left for
heavenly abode in 940 Hijri i. e. in between 121
-25. One of the carvings on the inner parts of the
tombs reveals"Have belief that in 940 Hijri Khwaja
kanoon Sahib attained aternar sprit. Visiters with
full faith and avichal Shradha & firm confidence visit
for 40 days and you will fulfil your aim/desire. "
The then historians have written much about khwaja
Sahib. He was a sufi Sant of the highest order. Even
today people of various religious faiths daily often
their prayers & AKIDAT.
VEER SAWARKAR SAROVAR
Near Achleshwar Mahadev and Maharani Laxmi Bai
Arts and Commerce college there is a sarowar which is
previously known as Katora Tal, which is now a days
known as veer Sawarkar Sarovar. There stands an idol
of veer Sawarkar of human size which is surrounded by
water and shady trees. This Sarovar is a visiting
place for tourists.
MAHARANI LAXMI BAI COLLEGE
Rulers of Gwalior State took great interest in
education of this place. As a result 100 years ago a
beautiful building named as Victoria School was
constructed which is now known as MALBA MAHAVIDYALAI.
This college is the biggest college of Jiwaji
University of M. P. from where well known
personalities received their education. Well known
writer Dr. Vrindavan Lal Verma, famous poet Jaanisar
Akhtar, EX. Prime Minister Shri Atal Bihari Bajpai
etc. have been its students.
SANATAN DHARAM MANDIR
One of famous temples of Gwalior Sanatan
Dharam Mandir is on the top. This occupies huge
complex. Lord Shri Krishan and beautiful idols of
other gods are there in it. This is situated in front
of Chamber of Commerce.
KRISHAN MANDIR IN CHHATRI
Chhatri Mandir is situated opposite to
Jaivilas Palace and nearby Savarkar Sarovar. This
temple is managed by the scindia trust. In its garden
there exist Chhataris of Late Jiwaji Rao Scindia and
his Mother Gajra Raja Scindia made of marble which are
the source of attraction for tourists.
JIYAJI CHOWK (BADA)
The busiest place of Gwalior city is Maharaj
Bada. In its center there is a garden. In its center
there is a huge statue of Jiyaji Rao Scindia made of
marble. This idol is fixed in a high Marble
Plateform. On all the four sides shopping centres are
situated. General post office, 2 huge Buildings of
State Bank of India. Town Hall and Victoria Markets
etc. in Baada Campus are worth seeing special feature
examples of beautiful establishments. Special feature
of this market is that there are 7 entries to it.
CHHATRIS OF SCINDIA DYNASTY
There is a big Collection of Chatris of
Scindia Dynasty in Chatri Bazar. These Chatris are
very imporant from the point of view of art. House
Constructed on all the four sides of these chatris has
minimised their beauty. Chatris have been constructed
with pink and white stones. Chatris of Jiwaji Rao
Scindia, Daulat Rao Scindia and Janko ji Rao Scindia
are worth seeing these chatris. Here carved Elephant
, Horses and Tigers construction are beautiful. For
want of their proper care, these chatris are being
damaged. Responsible civilians and Government must
pay attention in this direction.
SUN TEMPLE
From the time immemorial worshiping god sun
has special place in Gwalior. Mono/of Scindia dynasty
rulers has been the Surya and Sheshnaag. From this it
is established that its dynasty is Naag-Kul Bhushan.
Birla on 23rd January 1988 gifted Surya Mandir(the sun
temple)to the people of Gwalior Pink stone has been
used in its constructions. In the center on a
chabutra is the very beautiful idol of SURYA Bhagwan.
In the center (GARBHGREH) a special device has been
adopted for reaching the sun -rays on idol of Surya
Bhagwan.
DEV KHO
This place is situated about 16KMs away from
Gwalior on Lashkar Tigra road. The natural beauty of
this place is undescribeable. Because of thick forest
various beautiful birds and wild animals can be seen
here. DEVKHO is surrounded with natural atmosphere
which is amiable. On hillock there is beautiful
temple of Lord Shiva. Late MadhoRao Scindia used to
visit this place and think over important problems of
the state. The lovely note of Jharna is very much
pleasant which on hearing a person starts singing. In
the whole area full of natural beauty leke Deo Kho is
rarely found. Dev Kho is quite near to Gwalior city
where Govt. have constructed good approach roads
which have been laid after cutting the hillocks with
KIRINAS. ON both the sides beautiful trees and plants
have been planted.
TIGHRA DAM
Tighra Dam is situated 18 Kms away south-west
of Lashkar. This a beautiful place. Hilly stones
slopes have sufficient strength to hold water in it.
Gwalior gets its drinking water from Tigra water
works. This has becomea beautiful picnic spot during
rainy season.
PADMAVATI (PAWAYA)
Of many tourist spots Name of PAWAYA is
illustrious. Sometimes back there must have been a
beautiful Royal city here. On the basis of
arachaeolgical evidence available so far this is the
old city of PADMAVATI. There is mention of padmavati
in Vishnupuran where in it is mentioned that this was
the Capital of Nagas which is 30 KM away from Dabra &
80 KM far from Gwalior.
PEETAMBRA PEETH (DATIA)
On the way to Jhansi, Datia town is 75 KM away
from Gwalior. Datia is an important historic place.
The immage of palaces etc. Have been mitigated.
Datia has become prominent town because of
peetambarapeeth. This is a place of Buglamukhi Devi.
Peace has always been in this state. The courtyard of
this temple is made of marble. Darshans of Devi in
her various forms can be had here. The temple of
Bhagvati is also here.
BABA KAPOOR SAHIB
In continuation of Madaria important Sufi Sant
Shah Abdul Gafoor who is popularly known as Baba Kapur
in Masses, amongst Sufis of mid Gwalior has a special
status amongst sufis. Baba Kapur was sant of the down
poor, laboures and professionals. Even today Dhobis
(washerman) Labourers, bullocks -carters, cultivators
when they start their daily work they call "OH BABA
KAPUR". His tomb is living combination of National
unity.
SATURN TEMPLE AT SANICHARA
The Saturn temple is situated at Sanichara, a
railway station in Gwalior -Bhind Narrou gauge railway
line. It is about 27 miles away from Gwalior. The
history of this place is traced long back in the
Ramayana and puran period. It is said that Hanuman
after burning the lanka saw the Saturn standing before
him with foded hands. He asked him what he wanted.
On request of Saturn Hanuman provided him a place at
Sanichara where he could be worshipped. Now people
from all over country come to this place to worship
and satisfy the Saturn to pacify the evil effects of
the planet. as well as to seek his kindness to be
healthy, wealthy and powerfull. On Every Somvati
Amavasya a fair is held here. The present Saturn
temple at sanichra was built by daulat Rao Scindia in
1825.
OTHER TOURIST SPOTS
Nearby Gwalior in Morena District of Chambal
Division there are many tourist spots of them Rani
Kunti's birth place KUNTALPURI Shiv temple of 10th
Century, Kakanmath, from these Scindia Chatris,
National park of Shivpuri, temples of Chanderi, tombs
of Sultans, Shahi Masjid, Hava Mahal, Fort, Seven
storeyed palace of Datia, Jahangir Mahal of Orcha
nerar Jhansi, Ram Raja temple, Laxman temple, etc.
are other tourist spots which are bound to influence
you.
ART TRADITION
Gwalior has its own cultural tradition.
Music, idolcarving, and picture painting have a
special status. Raja Jiyaji Rao Scindia of Scindia
dynasty under "NAGPURWALA"picture painter got many
beautiful paintings painted in Motimahal, Gorkhi
Mandir and other palaces. In this work help of many
picture painters was taken who were residing in
Chitera oli Lashkar, who were from Bundelkhand and had
come from Jhansi and settled here. The credit of
starting picture painting in Gwalior goes to Shabihkar
Daud Mian and Mukand Sakharam Bhaand. In Tiger caves
of Gujri Mahal by seeing the wall paintings the live
leness of art of chitrakala is revealed. Late shri L.
S. Rajput, Rudrahnji, Umeshkumar and Shubakrishanrao
have also been important. Pictur painting was
contributed by them a great role in Gwalior. Shri
Devlalikar the first Principal of Govt. Lalil Kakla
University played an important role in evoking the art
of Gwalior.
Late Shri L. S. Rajput was a good Picture
painter and a teacher of arts; his paintings in
exhibitions gained popularity in the whole country.
In the same manner the name of Rudarhanji hardly needs
any introduction. He too was a well known picture
painter and idolmaker. In Padmavidyalaya of Gwalior
his idols are worth seeing.
Shri Vimal Kumar, who was incharge of
Kalavathika situated at padav for quite a long period
did a great deal in the field of art. He by going
ahead from traditional painting, established a special
status. Similarly Madan Bhatnagar and Vishvaitra
Vasvani established a special status in the field of
art. Pictures of vasvani Hi gained popularity in the
whole of country, Late D. P. Sharma also contributed
a lot of to Gwalior. Fountains made by him can be
seen at Akash Vani Tiraha, and Baradari crossing at
Morar . In the field of latest picture painting and
idol carving Gwalior youth has been infused by
VIMALKUMAR. With the efforts of Vimal Kumar first
National idol art camp organised in 1974 inspired the
young idol makers and picture makers of Gwalior /
prevailed like Dhumketu who in the field of national
and international art in the whole of India. Of them
the drawing of Shri. Usaf were rewarded in National
and inter - national exhibitions.
Anil Kumar is a signatory as a young picture
painter. He is the youngest artist who made known by
awards in the national exhibitions. Chandarsen Jadhav
has been awarded a National award in the field of idol
making. Vijay Shindhe is one of the identity in
National and international exhibitions by his work of
art. Shri Robin David, Sambhaji Rao Shindhe,
AnwarKhan, Madhu Sudan Sharma, Santosh Jadiya, On
prakash Jadiya, etc. are the product of art of
Gwalior.
SHILP KOUSHAL OF GWALIOR
Shilp Koushal of Gwalior is famous for its
beauty, historic development adorance and its
liveliness. Big Jain idols, Sas Bahu Ka Mandir, Man
Mandir, at the fort and other important idols and
buidings are peculiar examples of Shilp koushal.
Jalis of tomb of Ghos Sahib are fascinating.
Availability of stone for the development of Shilp
Koushal of Gwalior is of great significance.
Different type of stones are available in different
querries situated from the point of view of vastushilp
. Banmor, Kuleth, Niravali, Shankarpur, Lanka, and
Gangamalanpur querries situated in the north of
Lashkar have been providing useful stone from shilp
kala point of view from the time immerorial. In the
field of art, cultural relations and in their
development of Govt. and administration play a vital
role. It has been an attribute to Gwalior that most
rulers had been lovers and supporter of art. Under
their supervision the art gained prominence. Artists
were accorded desired results the Shilpis for
attaining the highest aims presented desired results
of Shilp Koushal in the form of Huge buildings
parasads, and pashaan idols.
With their soft hands metalled cheni and
hammer could carve the desired imaginations of the
breast of hard stone. "Didaru Mistri""Shambhu"etc.
well known Stone carvers and mistris of Gwalior gained
sufficient fame. Motimahal and Jaivilas Palace have
been constructed by these mistris. Stone obtained
from Ganga Malanpur was carved by "Aladhin Mistri"
into Paanch Batti Jhaad with Handi and four fanoos
with rose flowers coming out which were presented by
Gwalior to Late Rular Edward of Britain who expressed
his happiness for their beauty. This fanoos tree is
there even today in the archeological museum of London
. Similerly gate constructed at Dafran Sarai Padav is
also examplary. Shilpis of Gwalior not only in
Gwalior they have presented beautiful examples of
their are in great cities of India. The famous
"Gateway of India"in Bombay and High Court Buildings
in Lahore are the living examples.
A FEW KNOWN STONE CARVERS OF GWALIOR
SHILPIKRITI KRITI
1. Didaru Mistri Jaivilas Parasad
2. Saluru Mistri MotiMahal
3. Shambhu Mistri Victoria College
4. Gafoor Mistri Jal Vihar
5. Aladin Mistri Panch Patti Stone trees and Fanoos
FAIRS OF GWALIOR
There have been fairs in Gwalior which have
promoted our Cultural Unity. On occasion of Raksha
Bandhan there is a fair of Chakri in front of tomb of
Ghos Sahib. In the end of monsoons in Sharad season
there is festival of NAVRATRI which is celebrated with
great pomp and show in various temples of Goddess
Durga.
Gwalior Exhibition which starts in December is
famous in the whole of country. This fair starts on
20th December for a period of one month. This is the
biggest Exhibition of northern India. In the campus
of fair there are about one thousand paccashops which
are decorated in artistic manner by commercial sector
and Govt. departments. Almost all states participate
in this comercial fair in establishing their stalls.
Businessmen from Jammu Kashmir to Madras - Kerala sell
their goods. In this exhibition there are Kavi
Sammelans and Mushayaras of India level. There are
also wrestling and fire work features.
There is an elaborate fair at fort in
Databandi Chod Gurdwara. In similar manner there is a
fair of people of Jain Dharam religion at the fort.
There is 3days Urs Shariff of Hazrat Mohd. Ghos Sahib
in the month of Ramzan on 12, 13and 14. Similar Urs
take place on the Tombs of Khwaja kanoon Sahib and
Baba kapur Sahib. Urs of Mansoot Shah Sahib at tomb
Situated at Bada and at tomb of Mir Badshah also are
celebrated with great pomp and show.
Jhule Lal fair of Sindhi society for one week
is also very attractive. Similarly there is a three
day Tansen Samaroh at tomb of Tansen. There are
Nav-Ratri fairs at Mandre ki mata and Karoli wali Mata
. At Achleshwar and Gupteshwar temples fairs are
celebrated on Shivratri.
SYMBOL OF UNITY
Near the fort the stone was carved and a cave
was made near the base of fort. "EN-ULLAH SHAH" a
poet of Gwalior used to live in this cave. His poems
were in the name of "EN". "EN- ULLAH" was born in
1818. He passed away in 1902 at the age of 84 years.
CHildhood of En-Ullah was passed in Gwalior. For
sometime he went to Delhi, Rajasthan and Bundelkhand.
En-Ullah was of serious nature from his childhood.
Mostly he wore cap with threads on top and yellow long
Kurta.
Kundliya Shali are of special significance in
Hindi litetature of Tehm Girdhar Kundliya are famous.
In area nearer to Gwalior Keshav das wrote certain
Kundliyas in Ram Chandrika. En Sahib has maximum
collection of Kundlis. En Ullah Shan used to pass his
maximum time in the company of beggers, saints and
literary persons. En-Ullah wrote in his Kundli about
Ainanand fakir hai Paramhans Nirpan
Dadi Mooch Modwate Bhasam kare Asnan
Mene ek he brahm, Turf Hindy se Nayari
Bhikshuk Dou din ke "EN" hamara Nam.
One day En in the company of a begger started
from his house and reached Delhi on foot. Fida
Hussain a literary person was influence by Saint
became his disciple. He started living in Gwalior
after 6 months with the permission on his Guru. En
Ullah writes in his Kundlis about the greatness of his
"Jo Nr Pave aap ko ti Narayan Aap
Aap bina nar karat hai, Aap apno jaap"
Aap aapno jaap aapko pavat nahin,
jo pave par aapko to aap gusain
ek bin guru gyan ke nar bhoge jagtap.
En Ullah Shah had many Hindu and Muslim
disciples in Gwalior. First of all Raja Balchander ji
became the disciple of En-Ullah Shah; Gopal poets
name also finds place in the disciples of En Ullah
Shah. En Ullah Shah gave his dictates in form of
Kundlis. Where in he has taught lesson of peace,
Dharam and unity. En Ullah behaviour was alike with
everyon. Without any discrimination he behaved with
equal love and goodwill. Once JivajiRao Scindia
Maharaja of Gwalior sent a horse and a Dushala for
him. He did nor accept this and sent a
"Ub kya chaihyuai sadhu ko sabhi diya bhagwan,
kapde khak masan ke, kand mul phal khan.
kand mul phal khan, nadi jal peevan dini,
Khappar dono haath gupha rehne ko dini.
Vicharan ko charon disha "En"bhog ko gyan"
LITERATURE OF EN ULLAH. is primarily found in
Gwalior, Datia, Jaipur, Alwar & Jodhpur, Following are
the achievments of literature of En Ullah.
KUNDLY COLLECTION - On dummy of ghamgin is in
Gwalior. There are about 200 pages. Size of
pandulipi is 7*9".
SELF PUBLICATION - This book was written in
Jaipur; and came into being in 1902. There are 575
pages in this pandulipi. Its size is 7*9".
TEACHINGS- In this Lord Krishna's teachings in
kurukshetra are described and there is description of
Krishan - Bhakti. There are 200 Kundlis in this
pandulipi and there are 67 pages. Size is 7*9". One
kundli of this granth is -
SIDHAANT SARIKA - In this granth four sufimat
ciz Sahriyat, Marphat, Tarikat, and Hakikat have been
explained in the light of Indian Spiritualism. There
are about 100 Kundlis and Dona, Saroth chopai etc in
this granth. One example is illustrated
Teen haraf hai ishak ke En, kaaf aur Sheen,
En badavat akal ko, Sheen Sharam le cheen,
Sheen sharam le cheen, kaaf karar badayai
yeh sabra ho jabhi tabhi tuk darshan payai
Teen teeno haraf "En " lete hain been.
AINANAND SAGAR- This is an incomplete granth.
It contains Doha, Sarotha, chopayain. This has been
called heelre in chapters(pathon) its subject is to
appreciate Kavi Labhatta God's love, and God's prayer.
There are more granths of En Ullah Shah apart from
these En Ullah Shah has made adhyatmak Darshan an
important subject of his poetry and the way in which
he has intelligently and ably summed up in kundis is
really amazing. His works for Ram and Krishan through
light in Brahm. Apart from this they corelate Sufi
principles with Indian adhyatamikta side by side.
En Ullah Shah's poetry proves himself as a
great poet and his teaching encourage unity and amity.
In the light of Kundlis it is imperative to write
shodh karya on En Ullah born and brought up in
Gwalior, a shodh prabandh has been written on life of
"En" and his poetry by bundelkhand University which is
a good begining.
NEAR BY CHAMBAL
There is a reference in historic grangh
Mahabharat of sacred river Charanvati "CHAMBAL", of
various rivers of India, which is only 30K. Ms. away
from Gwalior. Thusand years hence, man civilisation
entered in the northern Ghati of this river. There
are more than 30 archaeological places in Morena
district situated in chambal ghati since Mahabharat
era to mid era. Some beautiful Samaraks standing on
these places are cultural Herritage of this country.
They are highlighting history and with the historic
background abundant pleasure is realised in seeing
them.
ROCK PICTURES OF PAHARGARH
50 K. Ms. away from Morena dist. Hd. Qr.
/is Pahargarh and 120 K. Ms. east -south are found
86 caves which can be of the same period as that of
Bhim Batika caves found near Bhojpur. Man used to get
Shelter in the begining of civilisation. That period
has been adjudged as ten thousand years before Chirst.
On seeing the rockpainting of men and women
dance, . . . . .. this becomes amply clear that
in the prehistoric period human art and love had its
germination; and for expression they could find fast
colours.
KUTWAR - OLD TOWN
Oldest town Kuntalpur(today'sKutwar) of
Chambal ghati is like Hastinapur, Bajgiri(Rajgarh) and
chedi, is a Mahabharat times spot. It has in its
innerside hidden many answers to many questions of
Indian history. As per Mahabharat, Shrimadbhagwat,
Vishnupuran, Harivansh Puran historic events ans old
political geographic gist of all granths is that
nearby Jamuna and Upper area of Chambal was part of
state of Shursen. Pratha one of the daughters of Raja
Shursen whom he has given for adoption to his friend
Kunti-Bhoj. Pratha has Sahodar brother Vasudev. She
being brought up by Kunti Bhoj used to be called as
Kunti. Raja Kunti Bhoj'state was in the south of
chambal. Kunti bhoj was killed at the hand of
Dronacharya in Mahabharat. This state was famous as
KUNTIKHESHETRA and touched Danti-durg (Datia). For
thousands of years one place behind fort in Kotwar is
known as Karankhar;from where Kunti had kept her newly
born in Manjusha and swayed in river Ashav(AASSAN).
This Manjusha reached Chambal through Aasan.
One spot is famous as Suryavah where on
invitation of Kunti God Sun had reached. On a high
hilock on the bank of Ashav river ther are horse's
foot prints from the times immemorable to illustrate
this strange occurence. One temple has been ruined
reconstructed near this place in the past. It is
thought to be SUN-TEMPLE.
SIHONIYA CAPITAL OF KACHVAHAS
About 8th Century in the downfull era of Kanoj
Samrajya Kachapghat(Kachvah)state was established in
Chambal Ghati. Its first capital was KUTWAR and
second was SUHANIA. IN 977 the capital was brought at
Gwalior fort after removing the Pratihar power of
Kanoj. 155 feet high Shiv Mandir of Kachwaha era like
Khujrao's huge Rath Mandir is a big SAMARAK of
northern India. About this temple it is inscribed on
SAS BAHU temple :- ADBHUT SINHPANIYAI NAGRE YEN
KARTIKAA KRITI SANTAMBH HAVE BHAANTI PRASAD
PARVATOPATE
KAKANMATH is the famous name abscribed for the
pyramid type structure in the area of 2 K. Ms. are
God Shantinath, Kuhthanath and Ahannath which are 16',
8'-8'high statues and 20 feet high statue of HANUMAN
JI standing on a chabutra of a raised platform of a
Ruinned temple, Ambika Mandir and Kund. Prastarstambh
and Nandi lying in a field are worth seeing. Shal
Bhanjika, Sakhalat vasna Nayaka, Kamniyai, Apsarain,
Gujri-Mahal archaeological museum are attributing
grace to Gwalior.
SON CHIRAYA ABHYARANYA
In northern M. P. in north -western Distirct
of Shivpuri Karera abhyaranya is being estanlished
speedly near town Karera. For Miltiplication of
attractive bird"Son Chiraya" under great Indian
Bustard it was established in 1981. The area of this
Abhayaranyai is 202 K. Ms. which is 55 K. Ms. from
Jhansi, 60K. Ms. from Shivpuri, 135K. Ms. from
Gwalior and 73 K. Ms. from Orcha. This is the only
Abhyaranyai of India. In between Mahur and Sindh
river this is the only big area in the country which
constitutes of either govt. land or private land.
From the print of existence, vegetation and
landscape this is quite befitting. This breed is
always present to greet the visitors at times alone,
at times with pertner and at times in flock in the
Abhyaranyai area. Asper 1992 counting of forest
animals and birds the figure of Son Chiraya is 18.
This bird is a little shorter with long neck and black
KALGE on its head. The colour of the feathers is of
the colour of meat with blace and brown stripes on
them; with strong long brown legs and white lower
portion. Male is comperatively heavy and more
beautiful. There is a long pounch on the neck of the
male which is capable of filling air in it and by
throwing it out forcefully the male makes the
atmosphere very melodious. This pounch comes into
being when this bird lives alone. The male by various
designs and by his noise (Gunjan) attracts the female
and there by alarms other males of his presence so
that they do not enter his territory.
Another special feature of this Abhyaranya is
the presence of black bucks. At the time of inception
of this Abhyaranya in 1981 their number was 100-150
which rose to 3005 as per counting of 1992. Flocks of
black bucks can be seen in hundreds grazing in the
Abhyaranya. This four legged animals because of gait
race and jumps spach good looking in the universe.
Apart from black bucks chinks, foxes and.. . etc.
Jungle animals are found in plenty.
Another attraction of this Abhyaranya is
Dihayals Jheel where 97 breeds of acquitic birds have
beeb identified. In winter season birds in thousands
come from far and wide and remain here till
February-March. Of them Saras (Crane) Surkhab(Br...
Duck), Seenkh par (pintail), Hans (B... ) Geese(j.
thok)(Pantid stork ), Bagula(lg... )(Darter),
(Damociyal Crane), Aari(koot), Chamcha(Spoonwil)
Hargila (Adjufant Stark), Kunj(Samocigal crane etc.
are prominent.
On the study by Bombay, Natural History
Socirty for birds as per their point of veiw After
Bharatpur pakshi vihar Dihayela Jheel is the second
best pakshi vihar. In the country this is.. . . .
Abharayani of its kind which is appropriate for Son
Chiraya, and black bucks which offers mixed sight
seeing.
Because of proper environment and security the
number of black buks has increased 21/2 to 3 times
than the desired number in the Abhyaranya area with
the result the black bucks are proving harmful to the
crops of the farmers there is dissatisfaction amongst
the for sometime. For tiding over this problem to
shift black bucks in some other area talks between
specialists and government are in progress. This is a
solitary effort to safe guard black bucks. Decisive
Solution of this problem has not been found so far.
To over come this problem for the last two
years cultivations has been undertaken for blackbucks
in Abhyaraiyai area by the government, the farmers
have got relief to sufficient extent; because the
black bucks are centred around the cultivated land.
In the morning and evening black bycks can be seen in
great number while grazing in the fields that have
been cultivated.
when these black bucks will become accustomed
to this ara, they will be transferred to some other
place with some special technique; which will be put
into action after through discussion. Plantation of
blace bucks elsewhere is unique experiment in this
Abhyaranya first of all in the world.
This Abhyaranya is open thoughout except rainy
season but December fo February is the best period to
tour here. During this period thousands of birds are
visible in the Dihayala Jheel when black bucks and son
chiraya are also visible in this are a enjoying
sunshine. The best time for touring the abhyaranya is
2-3 hours after sunrise and 2 hours before sunset.
DATIA PALACE
Datia town is situated 75 K. Ms. away from
Gwalior, the peculiarity of the old palace is that in
such a beautiful and grand building no member of the
royal family have dwelled there. Till today. It has
been heard many a times that hundreds of elephants
could be accomodated in the downfloor.
In Bundelkhand Maharaja Bir Singh was the
founder of Datia State and on Sunday in December 1618
started construction work of 52 big buildings in the
state. Bir Singh Dev was a brave and clever ruler.
He was contemporery of Samrat Akbar and Jahangir.
With the help of Jahangir because of his frienship
with him he could rise from small jagir of Badoni to
ruler of Bundelkhand.
Bir Singh had assisinated Abulfazal at the
instance of Salim (Jahangir) on 9th August 1602 at
Sarai Barki near Badoni (which is now known as Antri)
because of antagonistic relations between Salim and
Akbar Because of this reason there was great
friendship between Birsingh Dev ans Salim. After the
Death of Akbar the great in 1605 Salim became emperor
of India in the name of Jahangir. With the help of
Jahangir Singh Dev became the ruler of Orchha.
The seven storeyed palace of Datia is Known as
old palace. The then historian Abdul Hamid Lahori
visited this place on 19th Nov, 1635 along with
Emperor Shah Jahan. He has Written that length and
breadth of this palace was 84 yards and there were
beautiful gardens on all the four sides. This was in
it self unique palace.
In Masir-Ul Umra history of Mughal Sardars, It
is mentioned that this palace was constructed in 9
years and 35 lakh rutpees were spent on its
contruction. This palace is given national
importance, which is located on hillock on the western
side of Datia, from its establishment point of view.
There is clear impact of Mughal... . . architeture
on the palace. Vastukala primarily is form of Rajput
styled that is why is said to be Bundela foundation.
Of the 52 buildings that were got constructed
by Birsingh Dev, Datia palace is best of all. This
seven storeyed palace is visible from even distance.
In each of the portion of this square palace there are
four compounds. In the middle is MANDAP. Iron and
wood have not been used in this palace made of lime
and stone. There are no Shutters or doors and
windows. French design pictures are painted on the
roofs. The designof stairs. In Ayatkar and vargakar,
leads to mystery and deception in the absence of guide
in the palace a visitor can easily be misled.
The eastern portion of the palace is beautiful
and attractive The Jhrokhas of vatayan made of Jhanjri
and stone jaali and slopes of tombs are beautiful. In
the near by is Mehrab which is projected towards
outside. There is an open Prakoshat over this
Prakoshat in which there is Jharokha. Central tomb
and two other tombs present a peculiar sight. Inthe
shelf of central tpmb he idol of Ganesh Ji is there.
In front of the two main entrance gate there is a
temple of Durga ji. In the first chamber in front of
main gate there are home goods of Bundelas. In the
upper storey of one chamber there is a Dargah.
On both the corners of western side of palace
there are two Burjs. On the walls of Burjs plants and
leaves have been carved. In front of Southern portion
there is famous LALA KA TAAL of Datia. World fame Art
Specialist percy Brown has given vivid description of
construction of tis palace. Tombs Bharani and
Kangoore are mainly worth seeing It is said that this
palace has been constructed at that palace where
Birsingh Dev and Jahangir had met. This palace is a
symbol of exemplary friendship.
There was some damage caused by lightening in
1925. Even today this beautiful palace, from
vastukala point of view, is a good tourist spot.
Lower two storeys have been closed from security point
of view. For detailed study of archaeological
movements and in giving new direction to historians
this palace is appropriate, which has never been used
for residence by family members of the palace;
whereas the construction works were undertaken for all
facilities of family members of palace.
Refugees from West Pakistan were given refuge
in old palace in Datia which is 27 K. M. from Jhansi
and 75 K. M. away from Gwalior. they left this
place after residing here for some time. In the under
ground there are some routes and ways at times
equestrians go out of the palace. World fame wrestler
Gaama used to take his exercises in the wrestling
field of this palace. This Wrestling field has been
closed now. New houses have been constructed by
public at large and there by the beauty of this palace
has been hampered. Archeological survey of India and
Dist. administration should pay attention to it.
Datia is considered as small Brindaban.
Tourists are attracted by Bevdi of Sirol, Rajgarh
palace, Pratapgarh fort, Sankua Sevda, Ratangarh fort,
Karan Sagar, Shilalekh of Ashok, etc. & about 2 dozen
such spots. Touring Datia is easy, comfortable and
imparts Knowledge. There is queer combination of
Bundeli literature, art, and civilization and music.
JAIN TEMPLES OF SONAGIR
Sonagir is the main religious place of Jains.
It is 65K. Ms. away from Gwalior. This is a famous
and natural spiritual area. Many a Mahatmas had
worshipped here. The oldest and biggest temple of
this place is of God Chander Prabhu. This temple was
constructed in Vikram335. The huge idol of God
Chander Prabhu has been carved out of hillock. Many
illustrious stories are connected with this idol.
There are many more temples which are on the
way while climbing the steps. there are many a cave
here. It is said that numerous priests preached there
and acquired knowledge . In peaceful environment
there is Naryal - Kund at the top of hillock which is
always full of water. There is one very attractive
Kirti Stambh here. This pillar is about 30 feet high.
Every year in the month of chet(March) a fair is held
which attracts piligrims from whole of the country.
Sonagir is the main religious place for persons
preaching Jain Dharam and is also for other tourists.
One can easily adjudge the importance after seeing it.
In Indian Sanskrit-Heritage. Sonagir has an important
contribution.
ORCHHA
Bundelkhand 's important visiting spot is
Orcha which is 116 K. Ms. away from Gwalior and 16
K. Ms. away from Jhansi. Orchha is in the district
Tikamgardh and is on way from jhansi to Manikpur it is
first railway station from jhansi. Orchha had been
the capital of old Bundela rulers. River Betwa and
other rivers merge here. Of Bundels dynasty, First
ruler was Sohanpal in 1268. Rudarpratap in 1509 was
its ruler. He was Quite brave and itelligent. In
1531 Rudrapratap shifted his capital from Gadhkunhar
to orchha.
Of Bundela rulers Raja Bir Singh Dev was very
successful and brave. He was very friendly with
Mughal Emperor Jahangir. In order to please Jahangir
prime minister of Akbar Abul Fazal was got murdered by
Birdev Singh near Antri in 1602. THis had hurt Akbar
very much Historians admit that one of the reason of
the death of Akbar was murder of Abul Fazal. After
the death of Emperor Akbar when princes Salim became
the Emperor at the throne of Delhi as Jahangir, he
returned the terrytory won by Mughals to Raja Bir
Singh Dev and made him ruler of Orchha.
Of the various rulers of Orchha the name of
Raja BirSingh Dev has been prominent. Raja Birsingh
Dev enhanced the cultural herritage of Orchha. He got
constructed Jahangir palace and many temples ;which
are today trealure of Indian Sanskrit heritage . It
is paingul that for want of care of jahangir palace
the main building is in bad shap. With in a span of
decade or two this beautiful Jahangir palace can lose
its cultural beauty.
In 1183 Raja Vikramjit Singh has shifted his
capital from Orchha to Tikamgarh. On study of
important buildings forts, temples of orchha it
transpires many beautiful facts. Hidden in them.
Temples palaces of this place are important Jhankians
of Indian Cultural heritage. Raja Bharti chandara of
Orchha had got constructed temple of Raja Ram in 1522.
Similarily Chaturbhuj Mandir is also our
heritage. THis is a gift of Bundela rulers. This
temple is higher and more beautifulthan other temples
of Orchha. THis was got constructed by Raja Madhukar
Shah from 1560 to 1570. Badal palace is in front of
chaturbhuj temple. there is ground floor in this
palace. There are many small open Mandaps. This
palace seems bigger than Ram Raja palace. There are
many painted pictures in 6 big rooms of the palace.
THese are still safe. Natural colours have been used
in them. Of these paintings Samudra Manthan, Cheer
Haran etc. are main and they are sufficiently
beautiful.
Jahangir palace is the most beautiful and
attractive of the various temples of Orchha. THis was
got constructed in 1668. This is in 220 feet square
place. There are 8 big and beautiful tombs and there
is a big compound in it. Chajhas decoration is
amiable. There is a fountain in the middle of
compound which adds to its beauty. The special
feature of this palace is the hanging chajhas in front
of all rooms and beautifull Jaalis have been fitted in
may rooms or Jahangir palace there are beautiful
pictures of Mughal Pattern of them some are painting
for want of proper care.
MADHAV RAO SCINDIA
The name of Late Shri Madhav Rao Scindia was at the
highest peak in according respect in India and foreign
countries. Scindia was the only politician who knows
to fly aeroplanes, drive a car, motorcycle, and
railway engine. As union Railways minister from 1985
to 1988 . He was known as the ablest minister in whole
of the country. During his time railway was a
satisfactory and comfortable journey. Madhav Rao
Scindia has been very popular minister of northern
India. He was well known as president of Cricket
control Board and patroniser of sports.
Of the various princes of previous states
Madhorao Scindia is one who maintains his popularity
in masses. IN the whole of country and developed
railway network, he in whole state and Gwalior town
has given new development In 1980 Gwalior was ordinary
city but now not only international matches are played
in the cricket stadium but Scindia has made Hockey
stadium also.
FAMILY TREE OF SCINDIA DYNASTY
|
Rano Ji Scindia(1726-45)
|
JAIPAPPA DATTO JI JYOTIBA TUKOJI MAHADJI
|
MAHADJI (1761-1794)
|
DAULATRAO (1794-1827)
|
(WHO MADE GWALIOR AS CAPITAL IN 1811 OF HIS STATE)
|
JANKOJI RAO (1827-43)
|
JIVAJI RAO (1843-86)
|
MADHORAO SCINDIA(1886-1925)
|
JIVAJI RAO SCINDIA(1925-1948)
|
MADHAV RAO SCINDIA(30-09-2002)
MAIN OFFICES OF GWALIOR
Gwalior is important from administration point
of view. Many main administration point of view.
Many main administrative offices are situated here.
Narcotics Commissioner of India N. C. C. Women
Training school, Accountant General MP, Indian
Institute of Tourism and Travel Management of Govt.
of India, and MP High court Bench and Institute of
Hotel Management are situated at Gwalior.
Similerly about dozen offices of MP Govt.
State offices are also situated in Gwlior; of them
are Transport Commissioner Office, Excise Commissioner
office, Local Fund Director's office, Hd. Qr. ot
Revenue Board of MP Offices of Chambal and Gwalior
Division Commissioners, office of lG Police, Office of
Chief Engineer of MPEB, PWD, and Irrigation Dept. are
also PHE located in Gwalior.
Jiwaji University 12 Music colleges, MP
Housing Board, Industrial Development Corporation,
Medical College, Office of Town and Country planning
Special area development, Addl. Director Industries
Addl. Director Public relation, Addl director
education Joint Director vaterinary, Adivasi Vikas
Pradhikaran(ST DEVELOPMENT), Joint Director
Agricuture, Joint Registrar Cooperative Societies
Central Archaeological dept. (ASI), Defence Research,
Laboratory, All India Radio Central Excise, Border
Security Force Tekanpur are based in Gwalior.
G. M. Telephone Dept. Dy Chief Engineer
Construction Central Railway Office, Gwalior
Development Corporation Land Records MP main office MP
Govt. Insurance corporation, Ayurvedic college,
Hemeopathic college.
ESTEEMED LADIES OF GWALIOR
RANI KUNTI - Maternal Aunt of Lord Shri
Krishna and glorious mother of the brave pandavs queen
Kunti was born in Kotwar district. Morena which is 35
K. Ms. from Gwlior. It is a historic fact. With
ups and downs of life, disciplined marching, dutiful
Kunti led her life steadily and easily on the path of
duty. SHe had prayed to god that all the problems of
the world may befall on her. Her devoted feelings
towards god are worthy of praise. Such a great and
devoted woman is an asset to increase the glory of any
country.
KAKNAVATI
It is natural to remember Suryavanshi Maharani
of the historic village of Kotwar of Morena district
of whose glory the artistic Kakanmath temples even
today speak and attract us as a symbol of her
greatness. Every year many visitors reach there to
visit its praiseworthy architect. Kotwar, Kakanmath,
Sinhonia, Padavli, Gohad, Devgarh, Aisah etc, the
famous quiet village s of northern India nearby
Gwalior are shrined in their innerself the great
messages of life sketches of great men. It is only 60
K. Ms. away from Gwalior; and is only 25 K. Ms.
away from Morena Hd. Qr. You just can't be without
joy after having seen it.
DAMAYANTI
The Narwar Fort in historic old town situated
speaks several messages of its achievements. of the
many messages given by it one message was given by
Maharani Damyanti beloved queen of famous Ruler Nal.
Even during the period of adversity, bearing meseries
herself like courageous Sita;by presenting vitals
alike, this maharani of suryavansh with her husband,
hadbeen like an idol of love and tolerance and lastly
by her intelligence and skills she could notonly get
her husband but also in getting glorious big Narwar
state again.
MRIGNAYANI
The name of Maharaja Man Singh of Tomar
dynasty has been foremost in historic bravery,
foresightedness, and guardian of art and culture. By
marrying powerful Gujar girl of village Raj and giving
her status of Maharani, he notonly showed the ability
of adjudging quality but also set an example of
progressiveness Mrignayani on becoming Maharani of
Gwalior enhanced the glory of Gwalior by her great
deeds. Art of Man Mandir and GujriMahal are pride of
Gwalior but with the help of Mrignayani and Mansingh
the magnificant development of the art of music
innovated by them to whole of the country, only by
remembrance the people of Gwlior feel proud of it.
she was the source of inspiration to the great
musicians like Tansen and Baiju Bawra. The period of
1486 to 1516of the history of Gwlior is called an
everlasting period for development of art.
GANGABAI
The first founder of the scindia dynasty,
Madhav Rao Scindia known as Mahadji Scindia was a
great soldier, stateman and foresighted rular of his
period. His wife Maharani Ganga Bai whose statue and
temple is in Gangapur was in forefont in playing role
of diplomacy and bringing unity amongst the then
rulers Maharaja, Kushwah of Jaipur and Maharana
Sisodia of Udaipur who were at their toes for war and
by becoming their sister and tying Rakhi achieved
great success in bringing mutual good will; and while
she was coming back to Gwalior from Gangapur she fell
ill and passed away, it was a great loss to the
country. Even today she is an inspiration for the
people at large and is respected as a goddess.
BAIJABAI
Maharani Baija Shiba the queen of late
Maharaja Daulat Rao Scindia is being remembered as
famous and active maharani of Scingia dynasty. She
was born in 1787 at kolahpur in the family of Tulkoji
Rao Sakharam Bapu Sahib Ghade and in 1798 at the age
of 11 She was married and became Maharani .
Unfortunately she had to face deadly separation of her
husband but she stood fast duty bound and began to
direct the affairs of the state. At theage of only 16
years she had to fight an armed battle against
Britishers in 1803. She herself directed the battle
by riding over his horse back and carrying a spear in
her hand. She won the battle and in 1805 the
britishers had to enter into a treaty with her.
GANNA BEGUM
She was helpful to Maharaj Mahadji Scindia in
his political life Ganna begum whom we remember with
regards to an aristocrate race of Iran and Indian
blood Ganna Begum was the queen of beauty. Her
wrecked and uncared tomb is 25 K. Ms. away from
Gwalior on Morena road near Noorabad. Ganna begam
used to work as personal clerk of Maharaja Mahadji
Scindia in disguise by bearing the name if Ganna singh
and sacrificed her life. SHe notonly gave political
advice but also saved the life of Maharaja from
difficulties and conspiracy. By her attempts her life
ended at the hands of enemies her life History is an
example of patriotism. Today her tomb is lost under
the darkness with noname to it; and is sufficiently
in bad condition.
NARWAR
The famous fort ot Narwar, which is in
Shivpuri district was built by Raja Nal which is 100
K. Ms. away from Gwlior. The geographically
conditions of Narwar completely match with Nalpur of
Raja Nal. Asper great old epic during the period of
the Mahabharat time Narwar was known as Nalpur. This
state was known as Nishaad state which is being ruled
by Veersen and his son was Raja Nal. This fort is one
of the important forts of Bundelkhand.
Raja Nal was married with Damyanti, daughter
of Vivarath. It is said that in the game of chopad
Raja Nal had staked his state and had lost every
thing. Later, he had to leave his state and migtated
to a country known as Nishad. Being tired of his life
he had to leave his wife. Damyanti the wife of Nal
when reached her father 's house weeping bitterly she
asked her mother that efforts be made again to trace
Maharaj Nal of Narwar if they wanted to see her alive.
FAMOUS NARWAR FORT
After climbing the footsteps, we can reach the
main gate of Narwar fort. THis attactive fort has two
gates. At the main gate there is an old door in
deplorable condition. Onclimbing the steps and on
reaching at the sufficient height, one feels that
HAVAPOR has been rightly named by its builders. There
are many small rooms on both the sides for use of the
guards. After climbing the steps of HAVAPOR we reach
the compound of the fort and by crossing them access
is available to the palaces.
In the historic fort of Narwar there is a
building named Safed Haveli (White Building). This
buildingis very beautiful from artistic point of view.
There are limited doors and windows in it. There is a
person near this building which transpires that this
Haveli might have been for military officers . In old
days prisons were mostly kept in the safe forts. In
prisons iron bars are used but unlike this at
sufficient height jharokhas are constructed; where
stone lanterns have been slantingly fixed. After
moving a little ahead of white Haveli there is a good
Mosque. After this there is famous Katora Taal of
this fort. On all the four sides of this Tall (pond)
there are places for keeping horses. Just in the
middle of the tank there is SHIVLING on one shila.
For want of proper up-keep the buildings of
this fort are demolishing and horses'houses also are
in Ruined conditions around the katora Taal. Darbar
of Dhola s/o Raja Nal is still in good shape. There
was one temple of Shivji which became Ruined and has
fallen down. The idol also is missing.
PASARDEVI
From Katora Taal when we move to north, there
is temple of Pasardevi where a huge idol is in lying
posture. When Raja Nal had lost all his state in
gambling, and when he was leaving the fort the goddess
has laid there with utmost grief; even then Raja Nal
didnot stop there. There are eight walls and nine
tanks (Bawdias) but Bawadias are full rubbish. The
buildings of LadauBangla, Rani Mahal and court palaces
are worth seeing.
Safe gates of entry of Rani mahal can be seen
today. There are high walls around the palaces on all
the four sides. It appears, that these palaces were
not left open from security point of view. It is
important to note that 500 years old building have
tubs in their bathrooms where there was adeqate
arrangement of hot and cold water. Pipelines are laid
down from water tank to bathrooms. A thing of sorrow
to note that some efforts were made by Scindia ruler
in 1925 for the repair of palaces and temples of this
area of Shivpuri but archaeology department didnot pay
any attention here.
BHAVBHUTI - DISTINGUISHED PERSON
Name of Bhavbhuti is cited whenever there is
talk of Rang manch (stage art) in the world.
Bhavbhuti was notonly a poet of pathos but also an
actor of at the stage. About 1200 to 1300 years ago
Bhavbhuti through his NATAKS (dramas) gave
completeness to stage art (Rangmanch)which even today
is significant for those who appreciate Nataks
(dramas) Although prior to Bhavbhuti kalidas etc.
important poets and dramatists enriched Indian
literature with their poetry and writings but
Bhavbhuti in Madhya Bharat region through his plays in
7th-8th Century, did play an important role to make
people of that erato enjoy dramas. This is
illustrated by various proofs found in th latest
archaeological evacuation.
Where did Bhavbhuti hail from? To which
region from his description found in his leterature
indicate? From these datas various claims have been
put forward by literary people about his place of
birth and area of his works; some claim him to be of
the south and some of the vidharbh.
In his plays Malti Madhav and Mahavir Charit
-namak while depcting his dynasty Bhavbhuti mentions
that his ancestors hailed from Padampur town. His
father's name was Neelkanth and that of pitamah (grand
father ) was Gopal. His mother's name was Jatukarni.
Jagadhar critic of Malti Madhav by assuming
Padampur as Padmavati has written that Bhavbhuti had
special love for Padmavati in the same manner as
kalidas had for Ujjaini. He has emotionally and whole
heartily gave aliving description of and by this
important description of Padmavati if transpires that
this is his birth place.
The description givern by Bhavbhuti goes a
long way in deciding the geographical conditions of
Padampur or Padmavati. As per Bhavbhuti the town of
padmavati is surrounded by two rivers Sindhu (Sindh)
and Para(Parvati). There is the sacred sangam of
Sindh Parvati and Madhumati at this juncture
(Sangam)there is Shiv temple from times immemorial.
At a little distance there is a small river Lavna.
During rainy season people to to banks of Lavna for
recreation.
BHAVBHUTI AND GWALIOR
Useful geographical features presented in
MALTIMADHAV is a place of the village Pawaya -65 K.
Ms. southern east of Gwalior. As regards the place
of birth of Bhav Bhuti there is primary indication as
Pawaya in the book of General Kanghim in his
book(COINS OF MEDIAEVAL INDIA). By the sudy of the
geographical description given by Bhavbhuti, General
Kanighim arrived at the conclusion that padmavati
mentioned in Malti Madhav is in fact Padampur and
present village Pawaya is old Padmavati. Pawaya
village is near to place where two rivers Sindhu(at
present Sindh) and Para (Parvati) join. Madhumati
river is Madhu or Mohar river and Lavna river flowing
towards the north , is at present known as Nun or Lun
river.
The opinion of General kanighim is coroborated
by the conclusion arrived at by "Garde Sahib"
observations of archaeological works of exvations. In
a similar manner M. B. Lale has in his work Malti
Madhav proved that present village pawaya is Padmavati
the real place of birth of Bhavbhuti.
Bhavbhuti was in between the end of 7th
century and mid of 8th century. Bavbhuti could not
get assistance from any ruler. Rulers neglected him.
That is why he started loving pathos and pains and was
adjudged as the best poet ot "KARUN RAS" In his last
days he was in the Darbar of Raja Yashvarman.
PLAYS OF BHAVBHUTI
Threeworks of Bhavbhuti are available, viz
Malti Madhav, Mahavir chairitam and Uttar Ram
chiritam.
1. MALTI MADHAV- This is a play of 10 acts.
In this Madhav s/o Devrat minister of vidharb Malti
daughter of Bhurivdsu minister of Padmavaties love
story is describes. In this kingaras loves and
romance is at the top. There is combination of
history and immaginations.
2. MAHAVIR CHIRITAM - This is a play of 7
acts . Ther is history of life of Lord Rama. In it
Rama's marriage Rama's exile, Sita kidnapping and
Rama's enthroning have been told.
3. UTTAR RAM CHIRITAM - This play of 7 acts
magnifies the importance of Bhavbhuti. In this there
is story of Lord Rama's advent of life. There are
differences in description made by Bhavbhuti when it
is compared with the Ramayana Bhavbhuti has by his
immagination and wisdom acts described in 7facts of
the occurences of Ramayana. In the end Sita is proved
innocent with the result peoples suspicions are
removed.
JAGIRDARS OF GWALIOR
Late Maharaja Madhorao Scindia had divided his
state in many jagirs for its efficient administration
. Scindia Government and prorends etc. were given to
108 jagirdars according to their status. Jagirdars
were given dresses, Palki, Chadi, Umbrela, Mono,
Watch, etc. by the state. IN this regard there were
clear orders writtens by late Madhorao Scindia.
In 1913 Scindia Government had published a
Govt. Book "Tareekh Jagirdaran" in which it was
published about status, Mansab and rank of each
Jagirdar in writing; which can be seen in the
personal library of Shri Arjun Rao Madhorao Falke
sahib in Phalkey Bazar. IN gwalior state there were
35 Sardar Sahiban in other ranks there were 64
Jagirdars and Sardars who didnot have sanad in writing
. IN 3rd rank there were such 9 Jagirdars which
liable in alteration in Jagirs; and which were under
big Jagirdars. Amongst Jagirdars Shri Sahib was above
all who was also Guru of Maharaja Scindia. With the
blessing of ancestor of Mansoor Shah Data of Shri
Sahib Gwalior Maharaja Mahadji Scindia could restore
his state.
Shri Sahib was bestowed hundreds of villages
as Jagirs in Agra, Mathura, and in the South. His
income was about 1lac in per-independence period.
WHen Maharaja used to call shri Sahib in his Darbar
Sardar SHitole used to go to bring him and Maharaja
himself used to receive him when his carriage brought
him.
J. P. Gupta, Sr. Advocate
Shir J. P. Gupta was born in Gwalior and is
74 years old. He is a prominent Sr. leading advocate
of Gwalior. He passed L. L. B. in 1946 and L. L.
M. in 1948 and started his career as advocate in
Gwalior and now has become the leading advocate of
Gwalior. He is now known as legal expert in the
entire country. IN Lucknow Univercity Dr. Shankar
Dayal Sharma was his professor of law.
In M. P. Shri J. P. Gupta is well known
for his successfull practiceon criminal side. He is
directly connected with literacy and social
organisation and giving his services free in cases of
social justice. He is also deeply interested in music
and in the upkeep of tombs of Gos Sahib and world fame
Tansen. People of all community owe great allegiance
to him.
He is an intelligent, Polished, affluent and
matchless personality in the bar. He has been
President of Bar in which he was unanimously elected
with out contest. He had been offered post of Hon'ble
Justice of High court which he declined. His memory
could have even outdated computer in erstwhile young
age. A day when this exemplary personality will be a
great set back to the people of vacuum unfiled and
there will be a great people of Gwalior.
HOW TO REACH GWALIOR
By air Indian AirLines provides regular
flights. From Delhi, Bombay, Indore, and Bhopal there
are daily panes to Gwalior whereas for Jabalpur and
Raipur there are 3flights in a week.
By Rail- Gwalior is situated on Central
Railway on Delhi-Bombay and Delhi-Madras. From Agra,
Delhi, Bhopal, Madras, Bombay and Banglore there are
about 25 superfast trains in 24 hours.
By Bus- For Gwalior there are regular buses
from Agra, Mathura, Jaipur, Delhi, Lucknow, Bhopal,
Chanderi, Indore, Jhansi, Khujrao, Rewa, Ujjain and
Shivpuri etc. There are alsoLuxury buses from Agra,
Delhi, and Bhopal etc. Taxies, Tongas, Auto riksha
and Tampos ply in greater Gwalior.
Following are the distances of various cities from Gwalior
Gwalior to Agra... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Bhopal.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Bombay.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1091K. Ms.
Gwalior to Delhi... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Sanchi... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Shivpuri.... . . . . . . . . . . 108 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Khujrao... . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 K. Ms.
(AGENTS AND TRANSPORTERS )324035
HOTEL AND LODGES
1. Hotel Paradise, Thatipur, Gandhi road. 341438
2. Hotel Tansen Gandhi road 340370
3. Hotel Regency, near bus stand 340672
4. Hotel Safari, Station Bajaria 340638
5. Hotel India 341983
6. Hotel Grace, Near roop Singh Stadium 340111
7. Hotel Shelter, Padav Crossing 326209, 326210
KRISHAN MANDIR IN CHHATRI
Chhatri Mandir is situated opposite to
Jaivilas Palace and nearby Savarkar Sarovar. This
temple is managed by the scindia trust. In its garden
there exist Chhataris of Late Jiwaji Rao Scindia and
his Mother Gajra Raja Scindia made of marble which are
the source of attraction for tourists.
JIYAJI CHOWK (BADA)
The busiest place of Gwalior city is Maharaj
Bada. In its center there is a garden. In its center
there is a huge statue of Jiyaji Rao Scindia made of
marble. This idol is fixed in a high Marble
Plateform. On all the four sides shopping centres are
situated. General post office, 2 huge Buildings of
State Bank of India. Town Hall and Victoria Markets
etc. in Baada Campus are worth seeing special feature
examples of beautiful establishments. Special feature
of this market is that there are 7 entries to it.
CHHATRIS OF SCINDIA DYNASTY
There is a big Collection of Chatris of
Scindia Dynasty in Chatri Bazar. These Chatris are
very imporant from the point of view of art. House
Constructed on all the four sides of these chatris has
minimised their beauty. Chatris have been constructed
with pink and white stones. Chatris of Jiwaji Rao
Scindia, Daulat Rao Scindia and Janko ji Rao Scindia
are worth seeing these chatris. Here carved Elephant
, Horses and Tigers construction are beautiful. For
want of their proper care, these chatris are being
damaged. Responsible civilians and Government must
pay attention in this direction.
SUN TEMPLE
From the time immemorial worshiping god sun
has special place in Gwalior. Mono/of Scindia dynasty
rulers has been the Surya and Sheshnaag. From this it
is established that its dynasty is Naag-Kul Bhushan.
Birla on 23rd January 1988 gifted Surya Mandir(the sun
temple)to the people of Gwalior Pink stone has been
used in its constructions. In the center on a
chabutra is the very beautiful idol of SURYA Bhagwan.
In the center (GARBHGREH) a special device has been
adopted for reaching the sun -rays on idol of Surya
Bhagwan.
DEV KHO
This place is situated about 16KMs away from
Gwalior on Lashkar Tigra road. The natural beauty of
this place is undescribeable. Because of thick forest
various beautiful birds and wild animals can be seen
here. DEVKHO is surrounded with natural atmosphere
which is amiable. On hillock there is beautiful
temple of Lord Shiva. Late MadhoRao Scindia used to
visit this place and think over important problems of
the state. The lovely note of Jharna is very much
pleasant which on hearing a person starts singing. In
the whole area full of natural beauty leke Deo Kho is
rarely found. Dev Kho is quite near to Gwalior city
where Govt. have constructed good approach roads
which have been laid after cutting the hillocks with
KIRINAS. ON both the sides beautiful trees and plants
have been planted.
TIGHRA DAM
Tighra Dam is situated 18 Kms away south-west
of Lashkar. This a beautiful place. Hilly stones
slopes have sufficient strength to hold water in it.
Gwalior gets its drinking water from Tigra water
works. This has becomea beautiful picnic spot during
rainy season.
PADMAVATI (PAWAYA)
Of many tourist spots Name of PAWAYA is
illustrious. Sometimes back there must have been a
beautiful Royal city here. On the basis of
arachaeolgical evidence available so far this is the
old city of PADMAVATI. There is mention of padmavati
in Vishnupuran where in it is mentioned that this was
the Capital of Nagas which is 30 KM away from Dabra &
80 KM far from Gwalior.
PEETAMBRA PEETH (DATIA)
On the way to Jhansi, Datia town is 75 KM away
from Gwalior. Datia is an important historic place.
The immage of palaces etc. Have been mitigated.
Datia has become prominent town because of
peetambarapeeth. This is a place of Buglamukhi Devi.
Peace has always been in this state. The courtyard of
this temple is made of marble. Darshans of Devi in
her various forms can be had here. The temple of
Bhagvati is also here.
BABA KAPOOR SAHIB
In continuation of Madaria important Sufi Sant
Shah Abdul Gafoor who is popularly known as Baba Kapur
in Masses, amongst Sufis of mid Gwalior has a special
status amongst sufis. Baba Kapur was sant of the down
poor, laboures and professionals. Even today Dhobis
(washerman) Labourers, bullocks -carters, cultivators
when they start their daily work they call "OH BABA
KAPUR". His tomb is living combination of National
unity.
SATURN TEMPLE AT SANICHARA
The Saturn temple is situated at Sanichara, a
railway station in Gwalior -Bhind Narrou gauge railway
line. It is about 27 miles away from Gwalior. The
history of this place is traced long back in the
Ramayana and puran period. It is said that Hanuman
after burning the lanka saw the Saturn standing before
him with foded hands. He asked him what he wanted.
On request of Saturn Hanuman provided him a place at
Sanichara where he could be worshipped. Now people
from all over country come to this place to worship
and satisfy the Saturn to pacify the evil effects of
the planet. as well as to seek his kindness to be
healthy, wealthy and powerfull. On Every Somvati
Amavasya a fair is held here. The present Saturn
temple at sanichra was built by daulat Rao Scindia in
1825.
OTHER TOURIST SPOTS
Nearby Gwalior in Morena District of Chambal
Division there are many tourist spots of them Rani
Kunti's birth place KUNTALPURI Shiv temple of 10th
Century, Kakanmath, from these Scindia Chatris,
National park of Shivpuri, temples of Chanderi, tombs
of Sultans, Shahi Masjid, Hava Mahal, Fort, Seven
storeyed palace of Datia, Jahangir Mahal of Orcha
nerar Jhansi, Ram Raja temple, Laxman temple, etc.
are other tourist spots which are bound to influence
you.
ART TRADITION
Gwalior has its own cultural tradition.
Music, idolcarving, and picture painting have a
special status. Raja Jiyaji Rao Scindia of Scindia
dynasty under "NAGPURWALA"picture painter got many
beautiful paintings painted in Motimahal, Gorkhi
Mandir and other palaces. In this work help of many
picture painters was taken who were residing in
Chitera oli Lashkar, who were from Bundelkhand and had
come from Jhansi and settled here. The credit of
starting picture painting in Gwalior goes to Shabihkar
Daud Mian and Mukand Sakharam Bhaand. In Tiger caves
of Gujri Mahal by seeing the wall paintings the live
leness of art of chitrakala is revealed. Late shri L.
S. Rajput, Rudrahnji, Umeshkumar and Shubakrishanrao
have also been important. Pictur painting was
contributed by them a great role in Gwalior. Shri
Devlalikar the first Principal of Govt. Lalil Kakla
University played an important role in evoking the art
of Gwalior.
Late Shri L. S. Rajput was a good Picture
painter and a teacher of arts; his paintings in
exhibitions gained popularity in the whole country.
In the same manner the name of Rudarhanji hardly needs
any introduction. He too was a well known picture
painter and idolmaker. In Padmavidyalaya of Gwalior
his idols are worth seeing.
Shri Vimal Kumar, who was incharge of
Kalavathika situated at padav for quite a long period
did a great deal in the field of art. He by going
ahead from traditional painting, established a special
status. Similarly Madan Bhatnagar and Vishvaitra
Vasvani established a special status in the field of
art. Pictures of vasvani Hi gained popularity in the
whole of country, Late D. P. Sharma also contributed
a lot of to Gwalior. Fountains made by him can be
seen at Akash Vani Tiraha, and Baradari crossing at
Morar . In the field of latest picture painting and
idol carving Gwalior youth has been infused by
VIMALKUMAR. With the efforts of Vimal Kumar first
National idol art camp organised in 1974 inspired the
young idol makers and picture makers of Gwalior /
prevailed like Dhumketu who in the field of national
and international art in the whole of India. Of them
the drawing of Shri. Usaf were rewarded in National
and inter - national exhibitions.
Anil Kumar is a signatory as a young picture
painter. He is the youngest artist who made known by
awards in the national exhibitions. Chandarsen Jadhav
has been awarded a National award in the field of idol
making. Vijay Shindhe is one of the identity in
National and international exhibitions by his work of
art. Shri Robin David, Sambhaji Rao Shindhe,
AnwarKhan, Madhu Sudan Sharma, Santosh Jadiya, On
prakash Jadiya, etc. are the product of art of
Gwalior.
SHILP KOUSHAL OF GWALIOR
Shilp Koushal of Gwalior is famous for its
beauty, historic development adorance and its
liveliness. Big Jain idols, Sas Bahu Ka Mandir, Man
Mandir, at the fort and other important idols and
buidings are peculiar examples of Shilp koushal.
Jalis of tomb of Ghos Sahib are fascinating.
Availability of stone for the development of Shilp
Koushal of Gwalior is of great significance.
Different type of stones are available in different
querries situated from the point of view of vastushilp
. Banmor, Kuleth, Niravali, Shankarpur, Lanka, and
Gangamalanpur querries situated in the north of
Lashkar have been providing useful stone from shilp
kala point of view from the time immerorial. In the
field of art, cultural relations and in their
development of Govt. and administration play a vital
role. It has been an attribute to Gwalior that most
rulers had been lovers and supporter of art. Under
their supervision the art gained prominence. Artists
were accorded desired results the Shilpis for
attaining the highest aims presented desired results
of Shilp Koushal in the form of Huge buildings
parasads, and pashaan idols.
With their soft hands metalled cheni and
hammer could carve the desired imaginations of the
breast of hard stone. "Didaru Mistri""Shambhu"etc.
well known Stone carvers and mistris of Gwalior gained
sufficient fame. Motimahal and Jaivilas Palace have
been constructed by these mistris. Stone obtained
from Ganga Malanpur was carved by "Aladhin Mistri"
into Paanch Batti Jhaad with Handi and four fanoos
with rose flowers coming out which were presented by
Gwalior to Late Rular Edward of Britain who expressed
his happiness for their beauty. This fanoos tree is
there even today in the archeological museum of London
. Similerly gate constructed at Dafran Sarai Padav is
also examplary. Shilpis of Gwalior not only in
Gwalior they have presented beautiful examples of
their are in great cities of India. The famous
"Gateway of India"in Bombay and High Court Buildings
in Lahore are the living examples.
A FEW KNOWN STONE CARVERS OF GWALIOR
SHILPIKRITI KRITI
1. Didaru Mistri Jaivilas Parasad
2. Saluru Mistri MotiMahal
3. Shambhu Mistri Victoria College
4. Gafoor Mistri Jal Vihar
5. Aladin Mistri Panch Patti Stone trees and Fanoos
FAIRS OF GWALIOR
There have been fairs in Gwalior which have
promoted our Cultural Unity. On occasion of Raksha
Bandhan there is a fair of Chakri in front of tomb of
Ghos Sahib. In the end of monsoons in Sharad season
there is festival of NAVRATRI which is celebrated with
great pomp and show in various temples of Goddess
Durga.
Gwalior Exhibition which starts in December is
famous in the whole of country. This fair starts on
20th December for a period of one month. This is the
biggest Exhibition of northern India. In the campus
of fair there are about one thousand paccashops which
are decorated in artistic manner by commercial sector
and Govt. departments. Almost all states participate
in this comercial fair in establishing their stalls.
Businessmen from Jammu Kashmir to Madras - Kerala sell
their goods. In this exhibition there are Kavi
Sammelans and Mushayaras of India level. There are
also wrestling and fire work features.
There is an elaborate fair at fort in
Databandi Chod Gurdwara. In similar manner there is a
fair of people of Jain Dharam religion at the fort.
There is 3days Urs Shariff of Hazrat Mohd. Ghos Sahib
in the month of Ramzan on 12, 13and 14. Similar Urs
take place on the Tombs of Khwaja kanoon Sahib and
Baba kapur Sahib. Urs of Mansoot Shah Sahib at tomb
Situated at Bada and at tomb of Mir Badshah also are
celebrated with great pomp and show.
Jhule Lal fair of Sindhi society for one week
is also very attractive. Similarly there is a three
day Tansen Samaroh at tomb of Tansen. There are
Nav-Ratri fairs at Mandre ki mata and Karoli wali Mata
. At Achleshwar and Gupteshwar temples fairs are
celebrated on Shivratri.
SYMBOL OF UNITY
Near the fort the stone was carved and a cave
was made near the base of fort. "EN-ULLAH SHAH" a
poet of Gwalior used to live in this cave. His poems
were in the name of "EN". "EN- ULLAH" was born in
1818. He passed away in 1902 at the age of 84 years.
CHildhood of En-Ullah was passed in Gwalior. For
sometime he went to Delhi, Rajasthan and Bundelkhand.
En-Ullah was of serious nature from his childhood.
Mostly he wore cap with threads on top and yellow long
Kurta.
Kundliya Shali are of special significance in
Hindi litetature of Tehm Girdhar Kundliya are famous.
In area nearer to Gwalior Keshav das wrote certain
Kundliyas in Ram Chandrika. En Sahib has maximum
collection of Kundlis. En Ullah Shan used to pass his
maximum time in the company of beggers, saints and
literary persons. En-Ullah wrote in his Kundli about
Ainanand fakir hai Paramhans Nirpan
Dadi Mooch Modwate Bhasam kare Asnan
Mene ek he brahm, Turf Hindy se Nayari
Bhikshuk Dou din ke "EN" hamara Nam.
One day En in the company of a begger started
from his house and reached Delhi on foot. Fida
Hussain a literary person was influence by Saint
became his disciple. He started living in Gwalior
after 6 months with the permission on his Guru. En
Ullah writes in his Kundlis about the greatness of his
"Jo Nr Pave aap ko ti Narayan Aap
Aap bina nar karat hai, Aap apno jaap"
Aap aapno jaap aapko pavat nahin,
jo pave par aapko to aap gusain
ek bin guru gyan ke nar bhoge jagtap.
En Ullah Shah had many Hindu and Muslim
disciples in Gwalior. First of all Raja Balchander ji
became the disciple of En-Ullah Shah; Gopal poets
name also finds place in the disciples of En Ullah
Shah. En Ullah Shah gave his dictates in form of
Kundlis. Where in he has taught lesson of peace,
Dharam and unity. En Ullah behaviour was alike with
everyon. Without any discrimination he behaved with
equal love and goodwill. Once JivajiRao Scindia
Maharaja of Gwalior sent a horse and a Dushala for
him. He did nor accept this and sent a
"Ub kya chaihyuai sadhu ko sabhi diya bhagwan,
kapde khak masan ke, kand mul phal khan.
kand mul phal khan, nadi jal peevan dini,
Khappar dono haath gupha rehne ko dini.
Vicharan ko charon disha "En"bhog ko gyan"
LITERATURE OF EN ULLAH. is primarily found in
Gwalior, Datia, Jaipur, Alwar & Jodhpur, Following are
the achievments of literature of En Ullah.
KUNDLY COLLECTION - On dummy of ghamgin is in
Gwalior. There are about 200 pages. Size of
pandulipi is 7*9".
SELF PUBLICATION - This book was written in
Jaipur; and came into being in 1902. There are 575
pages in this pandulipi. Its size is 7*9".
TEACHINGS- In this Lord Krishna's teachings in
kurukshetra are described and there is description of
Krishan - Bhakti. There are 200 Kundlis in this
pandulipi and there are 67 pages. Size is 7*9". One
kundli of this granth is -
SIDHAANT SARIKA - In this granth four sufimat
ciz Sahriyat, Marphat, Tarikat, and Hakikat have been
explained in the light of Indian Spiritualism. There
are about 100 Kundlis and Dona, Saroth chopai etc in
this granth. One example is illustrated
Teen haraf hai ishak ke En, kaaf aur Sheen,
En badavat akal ko, Sheen Sharam le cheen,
Sheen sharam le cheen, kaaf karar badayai
yeh sabra ho jabhi tabhi tuk darshan payai
Teen teeno haraf "En " lete hain been.
AINANAND SAGAR- This is an incomplete granth.
It contains Doha, Sarotha, chopayain. This has been
called heelre in chapters(pathon) its subject is to
appreciate Kavi Labhatta God's love, and God's prayer.
There are more granths of En Ullah Shah apart from
these En Ullah Shah has made adhyatmak Darshan an
important subject of his poetry and the way in which
he has intelligently and ably summed up in kundis is
really amazing. His works for Ram and Krishan through
light in Brahm. Apart from this they corelate Sufi
principles with Indian adhyatamikta side by side.
En Ullah Shah's poetry proves himself as a
great poet and his teaching encourage unity and amity.
In the light of Kundlis it is imperative to write
shodh karya on En Ullah born and brought up in
Gwalior, a shodh prabandh has been written on life of
"En" and his poetry by bundelkhand University which is
a good begining.
NEAR BY CHAMBAL
There is a reference in historic grangh
Mahabharat of sacred river Charanvati "CHAMBAL", of
various rivers of India, which is only 30K. Ms. away
from Gwalior. Thusand years hence, man civilisation
entered in the northern Ghati of this river. There
are more than 30 archaeological places in Morena
district situated in chambal ghati since Mahabharat
era to mid era. Some beautiful Samaraks standing on
these places are cultural Herritage of this country.
They are highlighting history and with the historic
background abundant pleasure is realised in seeing
them.
ROCK PICTURES OF PAHARGARH
50 K. Ms. away from Morena dist. Hd. Qr.
/is Pahargarh and 120 K. Ms. east -south are found
86 caves which can be of the same period as that of
Bhim Batika caves found near Bhojpur. Man used to get
Shelter in the begining of civilisation. That period
has been adjudged as ten thousand years before Chirst.
On seeing the rockpainting of men and women
dance, . . . . .. this becomes amply clear that
in the prehistoric period human art and love had its
germination; and for expression they could find fast
colours.
KUTWAR - OLD TOWN
Oldest town Kuntalpur(today'sKutwar) of
Chambal ghati is like Hastinapur, Bajgiri(Rajgarh) and
chedi, is a Mahabharat times spot. It has in its
innerside hidden many answers to many questions of
Indian history. As per Mahabharat, Shrimadbhagwat,
Vishnupuran, Harivansh Puran historic events ans old
political geographic gist of all granths is that
nearby Jamuna and Upper area of Chambal was part of
state of Shursen. Pratha one of the daughters of Raja
Shursen whom he has given for adoption to his friend
Kunti-Bhoj. Pratha has Sahodar brother Vasudev. She
being brought up by Kunti Bhoj used to be called as
Kunti. Raja Kunti Bhoj'state was in the south of
chambal. Kunti bhoj was killed at the hand of
Dronacharya in Mahabharat. This state was famous as
KUNTIKHESHETRA and touched Danti-durg (Datia). For
thousands of years one place behind fort in Kotwar is
known as Karankhar;from where Kunti had kept her newly
born in Manjusha and swayed in river Ashav(AASSAN).
This Manjusha reached Chambal through Aasan.
One spot is famous as Suryavah where on
invitation of Kunti God Sun had reached. On a high
hilock on the bank of Ashav river ther are horse's
foot prints from the times immemorable to illustrate
this strange occurence. One temple has been ruined
reconstructed near this place in the past. It is
thought to be SUN-TEMPLE.
SIHONIYA CAPITAL OF KACHVAHAS
About 8th Century in the downfull era of Kanoj
Samrajya Kachapghat(Kachvah)state was established in
Chambal Ghati. Its first capital was KUTWAR and
second was SUHANIA. IN 977 the capital was brought at
Gwalior fort after removing the Pratihar power of
Kanoj. 155 feet high Shiv Mandir of Kachwaha era like
Khujrao's huge Rath Mandir is a big SAMARAK of
northern India. About this temple it is inscribed on
SAS BAHU temple :- ADBHUT SINHPANIYAI NAGRE YEN
KARTIKAA KRITI SANTAMBH HAVE BHAANTI PRASAD
PARVATOPATE
KAKANMATH is the famous name abscribed for the
pyramid type structure in the area of 2 K. Ms. are
God Shantinath, Kuhthanath and Ahannath which are 16',
8'-8'high statues and 20 feet high statue of HANUMAN
JI standing on a chabutra of a raised platform of a
Ruinned temple, Ambika Mandir and Kund. Prastarstambh
and Nandi lying in a field are worth seeing. Shal
Bhanjika, Sakhalat vasna Nayaka, Kamniyai, Apsarain,
Gujri-Mahal archaeological museum are attributing
grace to Gwalior.
SON CHIRAYA ABHYARANYA
In northern M. P. in north -western Distirct
of Shivpuri Karera abhyaranya is being estanlished
speedly near town Karera. For Miltiplication of
attractive bird"Son Chiraya" under great Indian
Bustard it was established in 1981. The area of this
Abhayaranyai is 202 K. Ms. which is 55 K. Ms. from
Jhansi, 60K. Ms. from Shivpuri, 135K. Ms. from
Gwalior and 73 K. Ms. from Orcha. This is the only
Abhyaranyai of India. In between Mahur and Sindh
river this is the only big area in the country which
constitutes of either govt. land or private land.
From the print of existence, vegetation and
landscape this is quite befitting. This breed is
always present to greet the visitors at times alone,
at times with pertner and at times in flock in the
Abhyaranyai area. Asper 1992 counting of forest
animals and birds the figure of Son Chiraya is 18.
This bird is a little shorter with long neck and black
KALGE on its head. The colour of the feathers is of
the colour of meat with blace and brown stripes on
them; with strong long brown legs and white lower
portion. Male is comperatively heavy and more
beautiful. There is a long pounch on the neck of the
male which is capable of filling air in it and by
throwing it out forcefully the male makes the
atmosphere very melodious. This pounch comes into
being when this bird lives alone. The male by various
designs and by his noise (Gunjan) attracts the female
and there by alarms other males of his presence so
that they do not enter his territory.
Another special feature of this Abhyaranya is
the presence of black bucks. At the time of inception
of this Abhyaranya in 1981 their number was 100-150
which rose to 3005 as per counting of 1992. Flocks of
black bucks can be seen in hundreds grazing in the
Abhyaranya. This four legged animals because of gait
race and jumps spach good looking in the universe.
Apart from black bucks chinks, foxes and.. . etc.
Jungle animals are found in plenty.
Another attraction of this Abhyaranya is
Dihayals Jheel where 97 breeds of acquitic birds have
beeb identified. In winter season birds in thousands
come from far and wide and remain here till
February-March. Of them Saras (Crane) Surkhab(Br...
Duck), Seenkh par (pintail), Hans (B... ) Geese(j.
thok)(Pantid stork ), Bagula(lg... )(Darter),
(Damociyal Crane), Aari(koot), Chamcha(Spoonwil)
Hargila (Adjufant Stark), Kunj(Samocigal crane etc.
are prominent.
On the study by Bombay, Natural History
Socirty for birds as per their point of veiw After
Bharatpur pakshi vihar Dihayela Jheel is the second
best pakshi vihar. In the country this is.. . . .
Abharayani of its kind which is appropriate for Son
Chiraya, and black bucks which offers mixed sight
seeing.
Because of proper environment and security the
number of black buks has increased 21/2 to 3 times
than the desired number in the Abhyaranya area with
the result the black bucks are proving harmful to the
crops of the farmers there is dissatisfaction amongst
the for sometime. For tiding over this problem to
shift black bucks in some other area talks between
specialists and government are in progress. This is a
solitary effort to safe guard black bucks. Decisive
Solution of this problem has not been found so far.
To over come this problem for the last two
years cultivations has been undertaken for blackbucks
in Abhyaraiyai area by the government, the farmers
have got relief to sufficient extent; because the
black bucks are centred around the cultivated land.
In the morning and evening black bycks can be seen in
great number while grazing in the fields that have
been cultivated.
when these black bucks will become accustomed
to this ara, they will be transferred to some other
place with some special technique; which will be put
into action after through discussion. Plantation of
blace bucks elsewhere is unique experiment in this
Abhyaranya first of all in the world.
This Abhyaranya is open thoughout except rainy
season but December fo February is the best period to
tour here. During this period thousands of birds are
visible in the Dihayala Jheel when black bucks and son
chiraya are also visible in this are a enjoying
sunshine. The best time for touring the abhyaranya is
2-3 hours after sunrise and 2 hours before sunset.
DATIA PALACE
Datia town is situated 75 K. Ms. away from
Gwalior, the peculiarity of the old palace is that in
such a beautiful and grand building no member of the
royal family have dwelled there. Till today. It has
been heard many a times that hundreds of elephants
could be accomodated in the downfloor.
In Bundelkhand Maharaja Bir Singh was the
founder of Datia State and on Sunday in December 1618
started construction work of 52 big buildings in the
state. Bir Singh Dev was a brave and clever ruler.
He was contemporery of Samrat Akbar and Jahangir.
With the help of Jahangir because of his frienship
with him he could rise from small jagir of Badoni to
ruler of Bundelkhand.
Bir Singh had assisinated Abulfazal at the
instance of Salim (Jahangir) on 9th August 1602 at
Sarai Barki near Badoni (which is now known as Antri)
because of antagonistic relations between Salim and
Akbar Because of this reason there was great
friendship between Birsingh Dev ans Salim. After the
Death of Akbar the great in 1605 Salim became emperor
of India in the name of Jahangir. With the help of
Jahangir Singh Dev became the ruler of Orchha.
The seven storeyed palace of Datia is Known as
old palace. The then historian Abdul Hamid Lahori
visited this place on 19th Nov, 1635 along with
Emperor Shah Jahan. He has Written that length and
breadth of this palace was 84 yards and there were
beautiful gardens on all the four sides. This was in
it self unique palace.
In Masir-Ul Umra history of Mughal Sardars, It
is mentioned that this palace was constructed in 9
years and 35 lakh rutpees were spent on its
contruction. This palace is given national
importance, which is located on hillock on the western
side of Datia, from its establishment point of view.
There is clear impact of Mughal... . . architeture
on the palace. Vastukala primarily is form of Rajput
styled that is why is said to be Bundela foundation.
Of the 52 buildings that were got constructed
by Birsingh Dev, Datia palace is best of all. This
seven storeyed palace is visible from even distance.
In each of the portion of this square palace there are
four compounds. In the middle is MANDAP. Iron and
wood have not been used in this palace made of lime
and stone. There are no Shutters or doors and
windows. French design pictures are painted on the
roofs. The designof stairs. In Ayatkar and vargakar,
leads to mystery and deception in the absence of guide
in the palace a visitor can easily be misled.
The eastern portion of the palace is beautiful
and attractive The Jhrokhas of vatayan made of Jhanjri
and stone jaali and slopes of tombs are beautiful. In
the near by is Mehrab which is projected towards
outside. There is an open Prakoshat over this
Prakoshat in which there is Jharokha. Central tomb
and two other tombs present a peculiar sight. Inthe
shelf of central tpmb he idol of Ganesh Ji is there.
In front of the two main entrance gate there is a
temple of Durga ji. In the first chamber in front of
main gate there are home goods of Bundelas. In the
upper storey of one chamber there is a Dargah.
On both the corners of western side of palace
there are two Burjs. On the walls of Burjs plants and
leaves have been carved. In front of Southern portion
there is famous LALA KA TAAL of Datia. World fame Art
Specialist percy Brown has given vivid description of
construction of tis palace. Tombs Bharani and
Kangoore are mainly worth seeing It is said that this
palace has been constructed at that palace where
Birsingh Dev and Jahangir had met. This palace is a
symbol of exemplary friendship.
There was some damage caused by lightening in
1925. Even today this beautiful palace, from
vastukala point of view, is a good tourist spot.
Lower two storeys have been closed from security point
of view. For detailed study of archaeological
movements and in giving new direction to historians
this palace is appropriate, which has never been used
for residence by family members of the palace;
whereas the construction works were undertaken for all
facilities of family members of palace.
Refugees from West Pakistan were given refuge
in old palace in Datia which is 27 K. M. from Jhansi
and 75 K. M. away from Gwalior. they left this
place after residing here for some time. In the under
ground there are some routes and ways at times
equestrians go out of the palace. World fame wrestler
Gaama used to take his exercises in the wrestling
field of this palace. This Wrestling field has been
closed now. New houses have been constructed by
public at large and there by the beauty of this palace
has been hampered. Archeological survey of India and
Dist. administration should pay attention to it.
Datia is considered as small Brindaban.
Tourists are attracted by Bevdi of Sirol, Rajgarh
palace, Pratapgarh fort, Sankua Sevda, Ratangarh fort,
Karan Sagar, Shilalekh of Ashok, etc. & about 2 dozen
such spots. Touring Datia is easy, comfortable and
imparts Knowledge. There is queer combination of
Bundeli literature, art, and civilization and music.
JAIN TEMPLES OF SONAGIR
Sonagir is the main religious place of Jains.
It is 65K. Ms. away from Gwalior. This is a famous
and natural spiritual area. Many a Mahatmas had
worshipped here. The oldest and biggest temple of
this place is of God Chander Prabhu. This temple was
constructed in Vikram335. The huge idol of God
Chander Prabhu has been carved out of hillock. Many
illustrious stories are connected with this idol.
There are many more temples which are on the
way while climbing the steps. there are many a cave
here. It is said that numerous priests preached there
and acquired knowledge . In peaceful environment
there is Naryal - Kund at the top of hillock which is
always full of water. There is one very attractive
Kirti Stambh here. This pillar is about 30 feet high.
Every year in the month of chet(March) a fair is held
which attracts piligrims from whole of the country.
Sonagir is the main religious place for persons
preaching Jain Dharam and is also for other tourists.
One can easily adjudge the importance after seeing it.
In Indian Sanskrit-Heritage. Sonagir has an important
contribution.
ORCHHA
Bundelkhand 's important visiting spot is
Orcha which is 116 K. Ms. away from Gwalior and 16
K. Ms. away from Jhansi. Orchha is in the district
Tikamgardh and is on way from jhansi to Manikpur it is
first railway station from jhansi. Orchha had been
the capital of old Bundela rulers. River Betwa and
other rivers merge here. Of Bundels dynasty, First
ruler was Sohanpal in 1268. Rudarpratap in 1509 was
its ruler. He was Quite brave and itelligent. In
1531 Rudrapratap shifted his capital from Gadhkunhar
to orchha.
Of Bundela rulers Raja Bir Singh Dev was very
successful and brave. He was very friendly with
Mughal Emperor Jahangir. In order to please Jahangir
prime minister of Akbar Abul Fazal was got murdered by
Birdev Singh near Antri in 1602. THis had hurt Akbar
very much Historians admit that one of the reason of
the death of Akbar was murder of Abul Fazal. After
the death of Emperor Akbar when princes Salim became
the Emperor at the throne of Delhi as Jahangir, he
returned the terrytory won by Mughals to Raja Bir
Singh Dev and made him ruler of Orchha.
Of the various rulers of Orchha the name of
Raja BirSingh Dev has been prominent. Raja Birsingh
Dev enhanced the cultural herritage of Orchha. He got
constructed Jahangir palace and many temples ;which
are today trealure of Indian Sanskrit heritage . It
is paingul that for want of care of jahangir palace
the main building is in bad shap. With in a span of
decade or two this beautiful Jahangir palace can lose
its cultural beauty.
In 1183 Raja Vikramjit Singh has shifted his
capital from Orchha to Tikamgarh. On study of
important buildings forts, temples of orchha it
transpires many beautiful facts. Hidden in them.
Temples palaces of this place are important Jhankians
of Indian Cultural heritage. Raja Bharti chandara of
Orchha had got constructed temple of Raja Ram in 1522.
Similarily Chaturbhuj Mandir is also our
heritage. THis is a gift of Bundela rulers. This
temple is higher and more beautifulthan other temples
of Orchha. THis was got constructed by Raja Madhukar
Shah from 1560 to 1570. Badal palace is in front of
chaturbhuj temple. there is ground floor in this
palace. There are many small open Mandaps. This
palace seems bigger than Ram Raja palace. There are
many painted pictures in 6 big rooms of the palace.
THese are still safe. Natural colours have been used
in them. Of these paintings Samudra Manthan, Cheer
Haran etc. are main and they are sufficiently
beautiful.
Jahangir palace is the most beautiful and
attractive of the various temples of Orchha. THis was
got constructed in 1668. This is in 220 feet square
place. There are 8 big and beautiful tombs and there
is a big compound in it. Chajhas decoration is
amiable. There is a fountain in the middle of
compound which adds to its beauty. The special
feature of this palace is the hanging chajhas in front
of all rooms and beautifull Jaalis have been fitted in
may rooms or Jahangir palace there are beautiful
pictures of Mughal Pattern of them some are painting
for want of proper care.
MADHAV RAO SCINDIA
The name of Late Shri Madhav Rao Scindia was at the
highest peak in according respect in India and foreign
countries. Scindia was the only politician who knows
to fly aeroplanes, drive a car, motorcycle, and
railway engine. As union Railways minister from 1985
to 1988 . He was known as the ablest minister in whole
of the country. During his time railway was a
satisfactory and comfortable journey. Madhav Rao
Scindia has been very popular minister of northern
India. He was well known as president of Cricket
control Board and patroniser of sports.
Of the various princes of previous states
Madhorao Scindia is one who maintains his popularity
in masses. IN the whole of country and developed
railway network, he in whole state and Gwalior town
has given new development In 1980 Gwalior was ordinary
city but now not only international matches are played
in the cricket stadium but Scindia has made Hockey
stadium also.
FAMILY TREE OF SCINDIA DYNASTY
|
Rano Ji Scindia(1726-45)
|
JAIPAPPA DATTO JI JYOTIBA TUKOJI MAHADJI
|
MAHADJI (1761-1794)
|
DAULATRAO (1794-1827)
|
(WHO MADE GWALIOR AS CAPITAL IN 1811 OF HIS STATE)
|
JANKOJI RAO (1827-43)
|
JIVAJI RAO (1843-86)
|
MADHORAO SCINDIA(1886-1925)
|
JIVAJI RAO SCINDIA(1925-1948)
|
MADHAV RAO SCINDIA(30-09-2002)
MAIN OFFICES OF GWALIOR
Gwalior is important from administration point
of view. Many main administration point of view.
Many main administrative offices are situated here.
Narcotics Commissioner of India N. C. C. Women
Training school, Accountant General MP, Indian
Institute of Tourism and Travel Management of Govt.
of India, and MP High court Bench and Institute of
Hotel Management are situated at Gwalior.
Similerly about dozen offices of MP Govt.
State offices are also situated in Gwlior; of them
are Transport Commissioner Office, Excise Commissioner
office, Local Fund Director's office, Hd. Qr. ot
Revenue Board of MP Offices of Chambal and Gwalior
Division Commissioners, office of lG Police, Office of
Chief Engineer of MPEB, PWD, and Irrigation Dept. are
also PHE located in Gwalior.
Jiwaji University 12 Music colleges, MP
Housing Board, Industrial Development Corporation,
Medical College, Office of Town and Country planning
Special area development, Addl. Director Industries
Addl. Director Public relation, Addl director
education Joint Director vaterinary, Adivasi Vikas
Pradhikaran(ST DEVELOPMENT), Joint Director
Agricuture, Joint Registrar Cooperative Societies
Central Archaeological dept. (ASI), Defence Research,
Laboratory, All India Radio Central Excise, Border
Security Force Tekanpur are based in Gwalior.
G. M. Telephone Dept. Dy Chief Engineer
Construction Central Railway Office, Gwalior
Development Corporation Land Records MP main office MP
Govt. Insurance corporation, Ayurvedic college,
Hemeopathic college.
ESTEEMED LADIES OF GWALIOR
RANI KUNTI - Maternal Aunt of Lord Shri
Krishna and glorious mother of the brave pandavs queen
Kunti was born in Kotwar district. Morena which is 35
K. Ms. from Gwlior. It is a historic fact. With
ups and downs of life, disciplined marching, dutiful
Kunti led her life steadily and easily on the path of
duty. SHe had prayed to god that all the problems of
the world may befall on her. Her devoted feelings
towards god are worthy of praise. Such a great and
devoted woman is an asset to increase the glory of any
country.
KAKNAVATI
It is natural to remember Suryavanshi Maharani
of the historic village of Kotwar of Morena district
of whose glory the artistic Kakanmath temples even
today speak and attract us as a symbol of her
greatness. Every year many visitors reach there to
visit its praiseworthy architect. Kotwar, Kakanmath,
Sinhonia, Padavli, Gohad, Devgarh, Aisah etc, the
famous quiet village s of northern India nearby
Gwalior are shrined in their innerself the great
messages of life sketches of great men. It is only 60
K. Ms. away from Gwalior; and is only 25 K. Ms.
away from Morena Hd. Qr. You just can't be without
joy after having seen it.
DAMAYANTI
The Narwar Fort in historic old town situated
speaks several messages of its achievements. of the
many messages given by it one message was given by
Maharani Damyanti beloved queen of famous Ruler Nal.
Even during the period of adversity, bearing meseries
herself like courageous Sita;by presenting vitals
alike, this maharani of suryavansh with her husband,
hadbeen like an idol of love and tolerance and lastly
by her intelligence and skills she could notonly get
her husband but also in getting glorious big Narwar
state again.
MRIGNAYANI
The name of Maharaja Man Singh of Tomar
dynasty has been foremost in historic bravery,
foresightedness, and guardian of art and culture. By
marrying powerful Gujar girl of village Raj and giving
her status of Maharani, he notonly showed the ability
of adjudging quality but also set an example of
progressiveness Mrignayani on becoming Maharani of
Gwalior enhanced the glory of Gwalior by her great
deeds. Art of Man Mandir and GujriMahal are pride of
Gwalior but with the help of Mrignayani and Mansingh
the magnificant development of the art of music
innovated by them to whole of the country, only by
remembrance the people of Gwlior feel proud of it.
she was the source of inspiration to the great
musicians like Tansen and Baiju Bawra. The period of
1486 to 1516of the history of Gwlior is called an
everlasting period for development of art.
GANGABAI
The first founder of the scindia dynasty,
Madhav Rao Scindia known as Mahadji Scindia was a
great soldier, stateman and foresighted rular of his
period. His wife Maharani Ganga Bai whose statue and
temple is in Gangapur was in forefont in playing role
of diplomacy and bringing unity amongst the then
rulers Maharaja, Kushwah of Jaipur and Maharana
Sisodia of Udaipur who were at their toes for war and
by becoming their sister and tying Rakhi achieved
great success in bringing mutual good will; and while
she was coming back to Gwalior from Gangapur she fell
ill and passed away, it was a great loss to the
country. Even today she is an inspiration for the
people at large and is respected as a goddess.
BAIJABAI
Maharani Baija Shiba the queen of late
Maharaja Daulat Rao Scindia is being remembered as
famous and active maharani of Scingia dynasty. She
was born in 1787 at kolahpur in the family of Tulkoji
Rao Sakharam Bapu Sahib Ghade and in 1798 at the age
of 11 She was married and became Maharani .
Unfortunately she had to face deadly separation of her
husband but she stood fast duty bound and began to
direct the affairs of the state. At theage of only 16
years she had to fight an armed battle against
Britishers in 1803. She herself directed the battle
by riding over his horse back and carrying a spear in
her hand. She won the battle and in 1805 the
britishers had to enter into a treaty with her.
GANNA BEGUM
She was helpful to Maharaj Mahadji Scindia in
his political life Ganna begum whom we remember with
regards to an aristocrate race of Iran and Indian
blood Ganna Begum was the queen of beauty. Her
wrecked and uncared tomb is 25 K. Ms. away from
Gwalior on Morena road near Noorabad. Ganna begam
used to work as personal clerk of Maharaja Mahadji
Scindia in disguise by bearing the name if Ganna singh
and sacrificed her life. SHe notonly gave political
advice but also saved the life of Maharaja from
difficulties and conspiracy. By her attempts her life
ended at the hands of enemies her life History is an
example of patriotism. Today her tomb is lost under
the darkness with noname to it; and is sufficiently
in bad condition.
NARWAR
The famous fort ot Narwar, which is in
Shivpuri district was built by Raja Nal which is 100
K. Ms. away from Gwlior. The geographically
conditions of Narwar completely match with Nalpur of
Raja Nal. Asper great old epic during the period of
the Mahabharat time Narwar was known as Nalpur. This
state was known as Nishaad state which is being ruled
by Veersen and his son was Raja Nal. This fort is one
of the important forts of Bundelkhand.
Raja Nal was married with Damyanti, daughter
of Vivarath. It is said that in the game of chopad
Raja Nal had staked his state and had lost every
thing. Later, he had to leave his state and migtated
to a country known as Nishad. Being tired of his life
he had to leave his wife. Damyanti the wife of Nal
when reached her father 's house weeping bitterly she
asked her mother that efforts be made again to trace
Maharaj Nal of Narwar if they wanted to see her alive.
FAMOUS NARWAR FORT
After climbing the footsteps, we can reach the
main gate of Narwar fort. THis attactive fort has two
gates. At the main gate there is an old door in
deplorable condition. Onclimbing the steps and on
reaching at the sufficient height, one feels that
HAVAPOR has been rightly named by its builders. There
are many small rooms on both the sides for use of the
guards. After climbing the steps of HAVAPOR we reach
the compound of the fort and by crossing them access
is available to the palaces.
In the historic fort of Narwar there is a
building named Safed Haveli (White Building). This
buildingis very beautiful from artistic point of view.
There are limited doors and windows in it. There is a
person near this building which transpires that this
Haveli might have been for military officers . In old
days prisons were mostly kept in the safe forts. In
prisons iron bars are used but unlike this at
sufficient height jharokhas are constructed; where
stone lanterns have been slantingly fixed. After
moving a little ahead of white Haveli there is a good
Mosque. After this there is famous Katora Taal of
this fort. On all the four sides of this Tall (pond)
there are places for keeping horses. Just in the
middle of the tank there is SHIVLING on one shila.
For want of proper up-keep the buildings of
this fort are demolishing and horses'houses also are
in Ruined conditions around the katora Taal. Darbar
of Dhola s/o Raja Nal is still in good shape. There
was one temple of Shivji which became Ruined and has
fallen down. The idol also is missing.
PASARDEVI
From Katora Taal when we move to north, there
is temple of Pasardevi where a huge idol is in lying
posture. When Raja Nal had lost all his state in
gambling, and when he was leaving the fort the goddess
has laid there with utmost grief; even then Raja Nal
didnot stop there. There are eight walls and nine
tanks (Bawdias) but Bawadias are full rubbish. The
buildings of LadauBangla, Rani Mahal and court palaces
are worth seeing.
Safe gates of entry of Rani mahal can be seen
today. There are high walls around the palaces on all
the four sides. It appears, that these palaces were
not left open from security point of view. It is
important to note that 500 years old building have
tubs in their bathrooms where there was adeqate
arrangement of hot and cold water. Pipelines are laid
down from water tank to bathrooms. A thing of sorrow
to note that some efforts were made by Scindia ruler
in 1925 for the repair of palaces and temples of this
area of Shivpuri but archaeology department didnot pay
any attention here.
BHAVBHUTI - DISTINGUISHED PERSON
Name of Bhavbhuti is cited whenever there is
talk of Rang manch (stage art) in the world.
Bhavbhuti was notonly a poet of pathos but also an
actor of at the stage. About 1200 to 1300 years ago
Bhavbhuti through his NATAKS (dramas) gave
completeness to stage art (Rangmanch)which even today
is significant for those who appreciate Nataks
(dramas) Although prior to Bhavbhuti kalidas etc.
important poets and dramatists enriched Indian
literature with their poetry and writings but
Bhavbhuti in Madhya Bharat region through his plays in
7th-8th Century, did play an important role to make
people of that erato enjoy dramas. This is
illustrated by various proofs found in th latest
archaeological evacuation.
Where did Bhavbhuti hail from? To which
region from his description found in his leterature
indicate? From these datas various claims have been
put forward by literary people about his place of
birth and area of his works; some claim him to be of
the south and some of the vidharbh.
In his plays Malti Madhav and Mahavir Charit
-namak while depcting his dynasty Bhavbhuti mentions
that his ancestors hailed from Padampur town. His
father's name was Neelkanth and that of pitamah (grand
father ) was Gopal. His mother's name was Jatukarni.
Jagadhar critic of Malti Madhav by assuming
Padampur as Padmavati has written that Bhavbhuti had
special love for Padmavati in the same manner as
kalidas had for Ujjaini. He has emotionally and whole
heartily gave aliving description of and by this
important description of Padmavati if transpires that
this is his birth place.
The description givern by Bhavbhuti goes a
long way in deciding the geographical conditions of
Padampur or Padmavati. As per Bhavbhuti the town of
padmavati is surrounded by two rivers Sindhu (Sindh)
and Para(Parvati). There is the sacred sangam of
Sindh Parvati and Madhumati at this juncture
(Sangam)there is Shiv temple from times immemorial.
At a little distance there is a small river Lavna.
During rainy season people to to banks of Lavna for
recreation.
BHAVBHUTI AND GWALIOR
Useful geographical features presented in
MALTIMADHAV is a place of the village Pawaya -65 K.
Ms. southern east of Gwalior. As regards the place
of birth of Bhav Bhuti there is primary indication as
Pawaya in the book of General Kanghim in his
book(COINS OF MEDIAEVAL INDIA). By the sudy of the
geographical description given by Bhavbhuti, General
Kanighim arrived at the conclusion that padmavati
mentioned in Malti Madhav is in fact Padampur and
present village Pawaya is old Padmavati. Pawaya
village is near to place where two rivers Sindhu(at
present Sindh) and Para (Parvati) join. Madhumati
river is Madhu or Mohar river and Lavna river flowing
towards the north , is at present known as Nun or Lun
river.
The opinion of General kanighim is coroborated
by the conclusion arrived at by "Garde Sahib"
observations of archaeological works of exvations. In
a similar manner M. B. Lale has in his work Malti
Madhav proved that present village pawaya is Padmavati
the real place of birth of Bhavbhuti.
Bhavbhuti was in between the end of 7th
century and mid of 8th century. Bavbhuti could not
get assistance from any ruler. Rulers neglected him.
That is why he started loving pathos and pains and was
adjudged as the best poet ot "KARUN RAS" In his last
days he was in the Darbar of Raja Yashvarman.
PLAYS OF BHAVBHUTI
Threeworks of Bhavbhuti are available, viz
Malti Madhav, Mahavir chairitam and Uttar Ram
chiritam.
1. MALTI MADHAV- This is a play of 10 acts.
In this Madhav s/o Devrat minister of vidharb Malti
daughter of Bhurivdsu minister of Padmavaties love
story is describes. In this kingaras loves and
romance is at the top. There is combination of
history and immaginations.
2. MAHAVIR CHIRITAM - This is a play of 7
acts . Ther is history of life of Lord Rama. In it
Rama's marriage Rama's exile, Sita kidnapping and
Rama's enthroning have been told.
3. UTTAR RAM CHIRITAM - This play of 7 acts
magnifies the importance of Bhavbhuti. In this there
is story of Lord Rama's advent of life. There are
differences in description made by Bhavbhuti when it
is compared with the Ramayana Bhavbhuti has by his
immagination and wisdom acts described in 7facts of
the occurences of Ramayana. In the end Sita is proved
innocent with the result peoples suspicions are
removed.
JAGIRDARS OF GWALIOR
Late Maharaja Madhorao Scindia had divided his
state in many jagirs for its efficient administration
. Scindia Government and prorends etc. were given to
108 jagirdars according to their status. Jagirdars
were given dresses, Palki, Chadi, Umbrela, Mono,
Watch, etc. by the state. IN this regard there were
clear orders writtens by late Madhorao Scindia.
In 1913 Scindia Government had published a
Govt. Book "Tareekh Jagirdaran" in which it was
published about status, Mansab and rank of each
Jagirdar in writing; which can be seen in the
personal library of Shri Arjun Rao Madhorao Falke
sahib in Phalkey Bazar. IN gwalior state there were
35 Sardar Sahiban in other ranks there were 64
Jagirdars and Sardars who didnot have sanad in writing
. IN 3rd rank there were such 9 Jagirdars which
liable in alteration in Jagirs; and which were under
big Jagirdars. Amongst Jagirdars Shri Sahib was above
all who was also Guru of Maharaja Scindia. With the
blessing of ancestor of Mansoor Shah Data of Shri
Sahib Gwalior Maharaja Mahadji Scindia could restore
his state.
Shri Sahib was bestowed hundreds of villages
as Jagirs in Agra, Mathura, and in the South. His
income was about 1lac in per-independence period.
WHen Maharaja used to call shri Sahib in his Darbar
Sardar SHitole used to go to bring him and Maharaja
himself used to receive him when his carriage brought
him.
J. P. Gupta, Sr. Advocate
Shir J. P. Gupta was born in Gwalior and is
74 years old. He is a prominent Sr. leading advocate
of Gwalior. He passed L. L. B. in 1946 and L. L.
M. in 1948 and started his career as advocate in
Gwalior and now has become the leading advocate of
Gwalior. He is now known as legal expert in the
entire country. IN Lucknow Univercity Dr. Shankar
Dayal Sharma was his professor of law.
In M. P. Shri J. P. Gupta is well known
for his successfull practiceon criminal side. He is
directly connected with literacy and social
organisation and giving his services free in cases of
social justice. He is also deeply interested in music
and in the upkeep of tombs of Gos Sahib and world fame
Tansen. People of all community owe great allegiance
to him.
He is an intelligent, Polished, affluent and
matchless personality in the bar. He has been
President of Bar in which he was unanimously elected
with out contest. He had been offered post of Hon'ble
Justice of High court which he declined. His memory
could have even outdated computer in erstwhile young
age. A day when this exemplary personality will be a
great set back to the people of vacuum unfiled and
there will be a great people of Gwalior.
HOW TO REACH GWALIOR
By air Indian AirLines provides regular
flights. From Delhi, Bombay, Indore, and Bhopal there
are daily panes to Gwalior whereas for Jabalpur and
Raipur there are 3flights in a week.
By Rail- Gwalior is situated on Central
Railway on Delhi-Bombay and Delhi-Madras. From Agra,
Delhi, Bhopal, Madras, Bombay and Banglore there are
about 25 superfast trains in 24 hours.
By Bus- For Gwalior there are regular buses
from Agra, Mathura, Jaipur, Delhi, Lucknow, Bhopal,
Chanderi, Indore, Jhansi, Khujrao, Rewa, Ujjain and
Shivpuri etc. There are alsoLuxury buses from Agra,
Delhi, and Bhopal etc. Taxies, Tongas, Auto riksha
and Tampos ply in greater Gwalior.
Following are the distances of various cities from Gwalior
Gwalior to Agra... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Bhopal.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Bombay.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1091K. Ms.
Gwalior to Delhi... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Sanchi... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Shivpuri.... . . . . . . . . . . 108 K. Ms.
Gwalior to Khujrao... . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 K. Ms.
(AGENTS AND TRANSPORTERS )324035
HOTEL AND LODGES
1. Hotel Paradise, Thatipur, Gandhi road. 341438
2. Hotel Tansen Gandhi road 340370
3. Hotel Regency, near bus stand 340672
4. Hotel Safari, Station Bajaria 340638
5. Hotel India 341983
6. Hotel Grace, Near roop Singh Stadium 340111
7. Hotel Shelter, Padav Crossing 326209, 326210
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